简阳市单亲家庭青少年抑郁症状现状及预警模型构建和验证  

Adolescent depressive symptoms in singleparent families in Jianyang City and construction and verification of the early warning model

作　　者：任小兵[1] 徐洪霞[1] 钟若诗 段昕 于静 REN Xiaobing;XU Hongxia;ZHONG Ruoshi;DUAN Xin;YU Jing(Health Management Center,the People's Hospital of Jianyang City,Jianyang(641401),Sichuan Province,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]四川省简阳市人民医院健康管理中心,641401 [2]简阳中学

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2024年第8期1096-1100,共5页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：四川省科技计划项目(2019YJ0487)。

摘　　要：目的分析简阳市单亲家庭青少年抑郁症状发生现状,并构建和验证预警模型,为制订促进青少年心理健康发展规划提供科学依据。方法采用分层整群随机抽样方法,于2022年3月—2023年10月从简阳市25所中学选取12125名初、高中生进行匿名自填式问卷调查,共获得有效单亲家庭青少年1142名作为调查对象,按照8∶2随机分为训练集(914名)和验证集(228名),采用中文版贝克抑郁量表(BDI)评估简阳市单亲家庭青少年抑郁症状情况。分析单亲家庭青少年抑郁症状的相关因素,建立预测模型并进行模型的验证及效能评估。结果训练集158名(17.29%)青少年检出抑郁症状,验证集43名(18.86%)青少年检出有抑郁症状。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,学习压力(OR=4.31,95%CI=1.67~11.13)、心理弹性量表(CDRISC)评分(OR=0.29,95%CI=0.12~0.71)、家庭亲密度与适应性量表(FACESⅡ)评分(OR=0.19,95%CI=0.06~0.63)均是单亲家庭青少年抑郁症状发生的相关因素(P值均<0.05)。以上述相关因素作为预测变量建立列线图预测模型,验证结果显示,C-index为0.80(95%CI=0.75~0.80),预测单亲家庭青少年抑郁症状发生的校正曲线趋近于理想曲线(χ^(2)=0.26,P>0.05)。训练集受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线结果显示,列线图模型预测单亲家庭青少年抑郁症状的灵敏度为80.38%,特异度为80.03%,ROC曲线下面积(AUC)为0.84(95%CI=0.76~0.92);验证集ROC曲线结果显示,列线图模型预测单亲家庭青少年抑郁症状的灵敏度为79.07%,特异度为82.16%,AUC为0.83(95%CI=0.76~0.91)。结论简阳市单亲家庭青少年抑郁症状发生风险高,学习压力、心理弹性、家庭功能均是简阳市单亲家庭青少年抑郁症状发生的相关因素,基于此构建的预警模型效能良好。Objective To analyze the current situation of adolescent depressive symptoms in singleparent families in Jianyang City,and to construct and verify the early warning model,so as to provide a scientific basis for the government to formulate a plan of promoting the development of adolescent mental health.Methods A stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select 12125 middle and high school students from 25 middle schools in Jianyang City from March 2022 to October 2023 for an anonymous selffilling questionnaire survey,and a total of 1142 adolescents from valid singleparent families were obtained as the survey objects.They were randomly divided into the training set(914 participants)and the verification set(228 participants)according to the ratio of 8∶2.The Chinese version of Beck depression Inventory(BDI)was used to evaluate depressive symptoms among adolescents from singleparent families in Jianyang City.The factors related of depressive symptoms in adolescents from singleparent families were analyzed,and a prediction model was established to verify the model and evaluate its effectiveness.Results There were 158 adolescents(17.29%)in the training set and 43 adolescents(18.86%)in the verification set with depressive symptoms.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that learning stress(OR=4.31,95%CI=1.67-11.13),Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale(CDRISC)score(OR=0.29,95%CI=0.12-0.71)and Family Adaptability and Cohesion Scale(FACESⅡ)scores(OR=0.19,95%CI=0.06-0.63)were all related factors the occurrence of depressive symptoms in adolescents from singleparent families(P<0.05).The results showed that the C-index was 0.80(95%CI=0.75-0.80),and the correction curve for predicting the occurrence of depressive symptoms in singleparent families was close to the ideal curve(χ^(2)=0.26,P>0.05).Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve results of the training set showed that the sensitivity and specificity of the nomogram model in predicting depressive symptoms in adolescents from singleparent families w

关 键 词：单亲家庭 抑郁 精神卫生 回归分析 青少年 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健] B844.2[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学] G78[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学] N945.12[哲学宗教—心理学]