学业·交游·转型:余光中与创意写作教育的接受  

Visiting Scholarship,Social Interaction and Literary Transformation:A Study of YU Kwang-chung s Participation in the Creative Writing Education

作　　者：宋时磊[1] SONG Shi-lei

机构地区：[1]武汉大学汉语写作研究中心,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《湖北大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2024年第5期98-106,F0003,共10页Journal of Hubei University(Philosophy and Social Science)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“当前全国中文写作课调查研究”(23STA033)。

摘　　要：1958—1959年,余光中到美国爱荷华大学创作班学习并获得艺术硕士学位,成为首位系统接受创意写作专业教育的中国作家,就此拉开了创意写作中国发展史的序幕。余光中的留学契机得益于多重背景和机缘,最终促成了此次美国之行。爱荷华大学创作班的学业促进了余光中的成长,与现代诗人弗罗斯特等人的交往成为其难忘记忆;他交游广泛,对现代主义文学艺术有了深刻理解,在美国的风景和文化现场中他开始反观中国。这一时期是余光中诗歌翻译事业的关键期,又是他散文写作的起步期。诗歌方面,他以美国留学的内心体验为素材写成诗集《万圣节》,这部诗集诠释了他现代主义的诗歌理念,标志着其诗歌艺术的提升,更重要的是余光中怀乡和乡愁的内涵发生转变,上升到依恋中国以及文化母体的层面。无论从个人发展和文学创作来审视,还是从创意写作教育中国接受史来衡量,余光中接受创意写作教育无疑是当代中国一个重要的文学和教育事件。In 1958-1959,the poet Yu Kwang-chung studied at the Iowa Writers Workshop of the University of Iowa in the United States and obtained a Master of Fine Arts degree,being the first Chinese writer to systematically receive professional education in creative writing,which marked the beginning of the development of creative writing in China.Yu s opportunity to study abroad benefited from multiple backgrounds and circumstances,which ultimately facilitated his journey to the United States.His studies at the Iowa Writers Workshop significantly contributed to his growth,and his interactions with modern poets such as Robert Frost became unforgettable memories.He engaged in extensive social interactions and gained a deep understanding of modernist literature and art.In the American landscape and cultural scene,he began to look back at China.This period was crucial for Yu s career in poetry translation and marked the beginning of his prose writing.In terms of poetry,he drew upon his inner experiences during his studies in the U.S.to create the poetry collection Halloween,which interpreted his modernist poetic concepts and marked an elevation in his poetic artistry.More importantly,Yu s sense of homesickness and nostalgia underwent a transformation,evolving into a deeper attachment to China and its cultural roots.Whether in terms of personal development and literary creation,or in terms of the reception and localization of creative writing education in China,Yu s experience in receiving creative writing education was undoubtedly a significant event in contemporary Chinese literature and education.

关 键 词：余光中 创意写作 爱荷华大学 创作转型 

分 类 号：I04[文学—文学理论] I209