小球在粗糙圆轨道上的运动  

THE MOTION OF A SMALL BALL ON A CIRCULAR ORBIT

作　　者：王良翼 程永坤 徐若宸 覃兴城 WANG Liangyi;CHEGN Yongkun;XU Ruochen;QIN Xingcheng(Sichuan Chengdu Shude High School,Chengdu,Sichuan 610031;Sichuan Chengdu Shishi High School,Chengdu,Sichuan 610015;Chengdu Foreign Languages School,Chengdu,Sichuan 611731)

机构地区：[1]四川省成都市树德中学,四川成都610031 [2]四川省成都市石室中学,四川成都610015 [3]成都外国语学校,四川成都611731

出　　处：《物理与工程》2024年第3期140-144,共5页Physics and Engineering

摘　　要：小球在粗糙圆轨道上既可以做纯滚动,也可以做又滚又滑的运动,利用质心运动定理和质点系角动量定理得出:小球在圆轨道上的运动情况与动摩擦因数密切相关。小球在粗糙圆轨道上的运动与小滑块在粗糙圆轨道上的运动存在明显区别,小球的转动不能忽略,不能处理成质点模型。中学阶段命制物体在圆轨道上运动的题目时,为回避转动的影响,建议将物体选为小滑块。A small ball can perform pure rolling,as well as rolling and sliding motion on a rough circular orbit.Using the theorem of center of mass motion and the theorem of angular momentum of the particle system,it is concluded that the motion of a small ball on a circular orbit is closely related to the dynamic friction coefficient.The motion of a small ball on a rough circular track is significantly different from that of a small slider on a rough circular track.The rotation of the small ball cannot be ignored and cannot be processed as a particle model.To avoid the influence of rotation,it is recommended to select the object as a small slider when setting the problem of controlling the movement of an object on a circular orbit in middle school.

关 键 词：小球 圆轨道 刚体 

分 类 号：G634.7[文化科学—教育学]