重新发现国家:一次拓展中国媒体信任概念的尝试  

Rediscovering the State:An Attempt to Expand the Concept of Media Trust in China

作　　者：周子杰 ZHOU Zijie(the School of Journalism and Communication,Renmin University of China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学新闻学院

出　　处：《国际新闻界》2024年第7期28-53,共26页Chinese Journal of Journalism & Communication

基　　金：中国人民大学“双一流”建设马克思主义新闻观创新研究成果(项目编号:MXG202303)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：在西方媒体信任研究中,内容信任(受众对新闻内容的信任)几乎成为媒体信任的唯一内涵,中国媒体信任研究吸纳了这一成果,在实证上形成了对国家的系统性忽视。面对这一知识生产现状,本文核心目标在于将制度信任(受众对媒介制度的信任)作为与内容信任同等重要的维度纳入媒体信任的概念内涵中,推动媒体信任研究的本土化。为此,本文(1)论述了中国媒体信任研究依赖西方研究成果而可能导致的效度问题,由此强调中国媒体信任的概念应考虑国家的在场。(2)从社会学研究中引入制度信任并讨论其纳入媒体信任概念范畴的合法性,阐释中国制度信任的内涵并为其操作化提供线索。(3)通过验证性因子分析、斯皮尔曼相关性分析和路径分析(N=678),验证了制度信任的相关指标聚合良好,且与内容信任有良好的区分效度,制度信任与内容信任的组合与媒体信任有较高的同时效度,能够更全面地反映媒体信任的概念内涵。本文亦讨论了中国媒体信任研究的本土化路径,在重视国家权威的基础上,或继续探索信任的测量,或以足够的材料积累实现理论建构,对信任概念进行重新阐释。In Western media trust research,content trust(audience's trust in news content)has become almost the only connotation of media trust,which later has been absorbed by Chinese researchers,resulting a systematic neglect of the state in an empirical way.Considering such deficiency in knowledge production,the essential goal of this paper is to incorporate institutional-based trust(audience's trust in the media institution,referring to the relevant regulations,policies and other formal institutions formulated by the state)into the conceptual connotation of media trust as a latitude of equal importance to content trust,and to promote the localization of media trust research.To this end,this paper discusses the validity problem that may result from the Chinese scholars'dependence on Western research results when doing domestic explorations,then highlights the presence of the state when talking about the concept of media trust in China;introduces institutionalbased trust from sociological research and legitimizes its inclusion in the conceptual scope of media trust,explaining the connotation of institutional-based trust in China and providing clues for its operationalization;ueses confirmatory factor analysis,spearman correlation analysis,and path analysis(N=678),finding that the convergent validity of indicators of institutional-based trust is good and have good discriminant validity with content trust,and the combination of institutionalbased trust and content trust has high concurrent validity with media trust,which can reflect the conceptual connotation of media trust in a more comprehensive way.This paper also discusses the localization path of media trust research in China,either by continuing to explore the measurement of trust in China or by reconstructing and reinterpreting the concept of trust with sufficient materials accumulated,while both ways should be based on the emphasis of the authority of the state.

关 键 词：媒体信任 媒介公信力 媒介可信度 国家在场 制度信任 

分 类 号：G219.2[文化科学—新闻学]