《伤寒杂病论》中“阳”字含义考辨  

Study on the Meaning of "Yang" in Treatise on Cold Damage and Miscellaneous Diseases

作　　者：茆慧芳 李崇超 MAO Huifang;LI Chongchao(Institute of Literature in Chinese Medicine,Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine,Nanjing,Jiangsu,China,210023)

机构地区：[1]南京中医药大学中医药文献研究所,江苏南京210023

出　　处：《河南中医》2024年第9期1307-1311,共5页Henan Traditional Chinese Medicine

摘　　要：“阳”字在《伤寒杂病论》中具有丰富的含义,或言脉象,或言脉位,或言脉法,或言津液,或言阳气,或言卫气,或言病位,或言病邪,或言病性,或言治则等。言脉象时,“阳”代指阳邪;言脉位时,“阳”表示寸脉,“阴”表示尺脉;言脉法时,以阴阳表示脉之浮沉,从而提示疾病之表里、内外;言津液时,“阳”代指津液,“阴”代指血;言阳气时,“阳”表示阳气异常;言卫气时,“阴”表示营气,“阳”表示卫气,以阐释营卫关系;言病位时,“阳”提示病位在太阳或少阳;言病邪时,“阳”代指表邪或阳邪;言病性时,“阳”代指虚热之证;言治则时,阳病治阴,阴病治阳,以“阴阳自和”为原则。The term "yang" in Treatise on Cold Damage and Miscellaneous Diseases has a rich array of meanings.It can refer to pulse condition,pulse position,pulse technique,body fluid,yang qi,defense qi,disease location,disease pathogen,disease nature,or treatment principle.When referring to pulse condition,"yang" denotes yang pathogens;when referring to pulse position,"yang" indicates the cun pulse,while "yin" refers to the chi pulse.In terms of pulse technique,yin and yang describe the floating and sinking of the pulse,thereby indicating the exterior or interior,and the internal or external aspects of the disease.In the context of fluid,"yang" represents body fluid,while "yin" refers to blood.When discussing yang qi,the term "yang" emphasizes pathological conditions arising from abnormal yang qi in the body.Regarding defense qi,"yin" represents nutrient qi,while "yang" denotes defense qi,clarifying the relationship between nutrient qi and defense qi.In terms of disease location,"yang" points to diseases located in the greater yang or lesser yang regions.For disease pathogen,"yang" signifies exterior pathogens or yang pathogens.When addressing disease nature,"yang" indicates symptoms of deficiency heat.As for treatment principle,it is based on the principle of "treating yang diseases with yin and yin diseases with yang," aiming for the balance of yin and yang.

关 键 词：“阳” 脉象 脉位 脉法 津液 阳气 卫气 病位 病邪 病性 治则 《伤寒杂病论》 张仲景 

分 类 号：R222.2[医药卫生—中医基础理论]