时滞作用下电磁-压电弹性梁的俘能特性分析  

Energy Harvesting Characteristics of Electromagnetic-piezoelectric Elastic Beams under Time Delay

作　　者：张湧崟 彭剑[1] 易昱东 孙洪鑫[1] 禹见达[1] ZHANG Yongyin;PENG Jian;YI Yudong;SUN Hongxin;YU Jianda(School of Civil Engineering,Hunan University of Science and Technology,Xiangtan 411201,Hunan,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南科技大学土木工程学院,湖南湘潭411201

出　　处：《噪声与振动控制》2024年第5期39-43,共5页Noise and Vibration Control

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52078210,52278307);湖南省自然科学基金资助项目(2023JJ60527);湖南省大学生创新创业训练计划资助项目(S202110534003,S202112649013)。

摘　　要：在土木工程结构的健康监测、振动控制中,以压电材料为主要部件的传感系统或主动控制系统得到广泛应用,而在实际工程中,压电耦合系统的供能问题亟待解决。所研究电磁-压电弹性梁的俘能系统是由弹性支座梁与压电作动器、传感器和电磁能量采集器共同构成的闭环反馈控制系统,其中电磁能量采集器(ElectromagneticEnergyHar-vester,EMEH)的能量俘获单元的原理是移动磁铁在固定磁铁之间进行往复振荡,在基础激励下移动磁铁的振荡产生电势能,从而在能量俘获线圈口产生电流。根据Hamilton原理建立电磁-压电弹性梁的非线性振动控制方程,通过Galerkin方法得到时滞微分方程组,利用数值仿真分析,研究不同控制参数、系统参数对能量采集效果的影响。研究结果表明:增大移动磁铁质量能有效提高能量采集效率,且对电磁-压电弹性梁主结构的位移响应影响较弱;另一方面,通过调节控制增益和时滞参数,在达到较优控制效果情况下,可使电磁能量采集器具有一定的俘获效能。In the health monitoring and vibration control of civil engineering structures,sensing systems or active con-trol systems with piezoelectric materials have been widely used as the main components.In practical engineering,the energy supply problem of piezoelectric coupling systems needs to be solved urgently.The energy capture system of the electromag-netic-piezoelectric elastic beam studied in this paper is a closed-loop feedback control system composed of elastic support beam and piezoelectric actuator,sensor and electromagnetic energy harvester.The working principle of the energy capture unit of the electromagnetic energy harvester(EMEH)is the moving magnet reciprocating of between the fixed magnets,and the oscillation of the moving magnet under the base excitation generates electric potential energy,so as to generate the cur-rent at the mouth of the energy capture coil.According to Hamilton's principle,the nonlinear vibration control equation of electromagnetic-piezoelectric elastic beam was established,and the differential equation system of time delay was obtained by Galerkin method.The influence of different control parameters and system parameter conditions on the energy harvesting effect was studied by numerical simulation analysis.The results show that increasing the mass of the moving magnet can ef-fectively improve the energy harvesting efficiency,but has weak influence on the displacement response of the main struc-ture of the electromagnetic-piezoelectric elastic beam.On the other hand,by adjusting the control gain and time delay param-eters,the electromagnetic energy harvester has a certain capture efficiency when the optimal control effect is achieved.

关 键 词：振动与波 弹性支承梁 电磁能量采集 时滞反馈 振动控制 

分 类 号：O322[理学—一般力学与力学基础] O328[理学—力学]