融合点云处理的大型飞机复杂构件修型量提取方法  

Modification Extraction Method for Complex Components of Large Aircraft Fused Point Cloud Processing

作　　者：李明 杨冬健 韩毅博 崔静静 贺喜鹏 LI Ming;YANG Dongjian;HAN Yibo;CUI Jingjing;HE Xipeng(AVIC Beijing Changcheng Aeronautical Measurement and Control Technology Research Institute,Bejing 101111,China;AVIC Xi'an Aeronautics Computing Technique Research Institute,Xi'an 710000,China)

机构地区：[1]航空工业北京长城航空测控技术研究所,北京101111 [2]航空工业西安航空计算技术研究所,陕西西安710000

出　　处：《测控技术》2024年第9期73-78,共6页Measurement & Control Technology

摘　　要：针对飞机大型复杂构件自适应加工修型问题,提出一种融合点云处理的飞机大型构件修型量提取方法。首先,根据工件特征将α-shapes曲面重构算法和贪婪投影三角化算法进行融合,实现对构件测量模型的三维网格重建。然后,将重建后的构件曲面进行分块处理,计算点到拟合曲面的距离,并按照该距离对扫描激光线的特征点进行识别。将识别后的特征点按照一定规则排列,并对飞机舱门和门框的装配模型、点云边界进行处理,按照误差方向对特征点的位置进行平移补偿,最终实现对飞机大型构件修型量的快速提取。试验表明,用该方法计算得到的修型量精度达到0.08 mm,能够满足飞机大型构件自适应精准修型的需求。Aiming at the problem of adaptive machining and modification of large and complex aircraft compo-nents,a modification extraction method of large aircraft components fused point cloud processing is proposed.Firstly,according to the characteristics of the workpiece,theα-shapes curved surface reconstruction algorithm and greedy projection triangulation algorithm are integrated to realize the 3D mesh reconstruction of the compo-nent measurement model.Then,the reconstructed component curved surface is divided into blocks,the distance between the points and the fitted curved surface is calculated,and the feature points of the scanning laser line are identified according to the distance.The identified feature points are arranged according to certain rules,and the assembly modes and point cloud boundaries of aircraft cabin door and door frames are processed,and the position of the feature points is compensated according to the error direction,so as to realize the rapid ex-traction of the modification of large aircraft components.The experiment shows that the accuracy of the modifi-cation calculated by this method can reach 0.08 mm,which can meet the needs of the adaptive accurate modi-fication of large aircraft components.

关 键 词：点云处理 曲面拟合 数控加工 误差补偿 

分 类 号：TP29[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]