轮轨耦合激励下高速列车齿轮箱体振动特性  

Study on Vibration Characteristics of High-Speed Train Gearbox Housing under Wheel-Rail Coupling Excitation

作　　者：朱海燕 卢乔丹 胡军 叶小芬 裴帮 师陆冰 刘忠明 魏昱洲 徐颖杰 Zhu Haiyan;Lu Qiaodan;Hu Jun;Ye Xiaofen;Pei Bang;Shi Lubing;Liu Zhongming;Wei Yuzhou;Xu Yingjie(School of Mechatronics&Vehicle Engineering,East China Jiaotong University,Nanchang 330013,China;Zhengzhou Research Institute of Mechanical Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Zhengzhou 450001,China;CRRC Qishuyan Institute Co.,Ltd.,Changzhou 213011,China)

机构地区：[1]华东交通大学机电与车辆工程学院,江西南昌330013 [2]郑州机械研究所有限公司,河南郑州450001 [3]中车戚墅堰机车车辆工艺研究所股份有限公司,江苏常州213011

出　　处：《华东交通大学学报》2024年第4期108-117,共10页Journal of East China Jiaotong University

基　　金：江西省自然科学基金面上项目(20224BAB204040);江西省自然科学基金面上重点项目(20232ACB204022);研究生创新资助计划(YC2022-s520);河南省中央引导地方科技发展基金(Z20221341003)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究车轮多边形与钢轨波磨耦合激励下高速列车齿轮箱体振动特性。【方法】建立轮对、齿轮箱体和轨道均为柔性体的刚柔耦合动力学模型,在齿轮箱体布置3个振动加速度传感器,对不同工况开展动力学仿真,分析齿轮箱体各测点的振动加速度。【结果】在轮轨耦合激励下,同一车速下,车轮多边形为23阶,波幅为0.010 mm时各测点振动加速度均方根值最大,在3个测点中车轮多边形对测点B的影响最大;在钢轨波磨激励下,测点B受到牵引电机谐波转矩与齿轮副啮合的共同作用在3测点中振动加速度均方根值最大,测点A、C的振动加速度均方根值随波幅的增大而增大;对比含武广谱的轮轨耦合激励,由轮轨激扰引发的振动频率与齿轮箱体第5阶固有频率接近,诱发共振。【结论】列车变速运行或改变齿轮箱结构可避免共振。【Object】Explore the vibration characteristics of high-speed train gearbox housing under the coupling excitation of wheel polygon and rail corrugation.【Method】The rigid-flexible coupling dynamic model of wheelset,gearbox housing and track was established.Three vibration acceleration sensors were arranged in the gearbox housing,and dynamic simulation was carried out under different working conditions to analyze the vi-bration acceleration of each measuring point of gearbox housing.【Result】Under the wheel-rail coupling excita-tion,at the same speed and with the wheel polygon of 23rd order and the amplitude of 0.010 mm,the root mean square value of the vibration acceleration of each measuring point is the largest,and the wheel polygon has the greatest influence on the measuring point B in the three measuring points.Under the excitation of rail corruga-tion,the root mean square value of vibration acceleration of measuring point B is the largest among the three measuring points under the combined action of harmonic torque of traction motor and gear meshing.The root mean square value of vibration acceleration of measuring points A and C increases with the increase of ampli-tude.Compared with the wheel-rail coupling excitation with broad spectrum,the vibration frequency caused by wheel-rail excitation is close to the 5th order natural frequency of the gearbox housing,which induces resonance.【Conclusion】The resonance can be avoided by changing the speed of the train or changing the structure of the gearbox.

关 键 词：高速列车 齿轮箱体 钢轨波磨 车轮多边形 

分 类 号：U270.3[机械工程—车辆工程]