论清华简《畏天用身》中的墨学精神  

On the Mohist Spirit Embodied in the Taking Heaven in Awe and Using Initiative from the Tsinghua Bamboo Slips

作　　者：刘成群 段乐千 Liu Chengqun;Duan Leqian

机构地区：[1]北京邮电大学人文学院,北京102206

出　　处：《中原文化研究》2024年第5期98-104,共7页The Central Plains Culture Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“面向中国古诗文明长时间跨度知识图谱构建与深层知识发现研究”(62372060)。

摘　　要：学界一般认为清华简《畏天用身》与荀学、黄老之学相关联,但深入研究,可发现《畏天用身》中的天人关系具有“命由身定”的特点。与儒家天命观的宿命意味不同,墨学的天人关系表现出人义统天的倾向,《畏天用身》强调主体能动性的倾向应该源出于墨学。宋钘、尹文之学作为墨学与黄老之学的混合,具有尊“心”的特点;《畏天用身》同样尊“心”,并混合黄老,上达墨,下启荀,作为典型案例展示了墨学精神向战国时代各家学派的渗透与融会。Scholars generally believe that the Taking Heaven in Awe and Using Initiative from the Tsinghua Bamboo Slips is related to Xunzi’s philosophy and Huang-Lao Daoism.However,upon deeper study,it becomes evident that the relationship between heaven and man in this text is characterized by the belief that“destiny is determined by oneself”.Unlike the fatalistic connotation of the Confucian view of heaven’s mandate,the Mohist concept of the relationship between heaven and man exhibits a tendency for human righteousness over heaven.The emphasis on subjective initiative in Taking Heaven in Awe and Using Initiative likely originates from Mohism.The teachings of Song Xing and Yin Wen,as a blend of Mohism and Huang-Lao Daoism,are characterized by the reverence for the“mind”.Similarly,Taking Heaven in Awe and Using Initiative also reveres the“mind”with elements of Huang-Lao Daoism,which inherits Mohism and influences Xunzi’s philosophy.The text serves as a typical example showcasing the penetration and integration of Mohist spirit into various academic schools during the Warring States period.

关 键 词：清华简 墨学 黄老之学 荀学 

分 类 号：B222.5[哲学宗教—中国哲学]