基于分数低阶协方差的阵列式超声波测风方法  

Array ultrasonic wind measurement method based on fractional low-order covariance

作　　者：单泽彪[1,2] 谢世娟 刘小松 刘云清[1] 王启万[2] Shan Zebiao;Xie Shijuan;Liu Xiaosong;Liu Yunqing;Wang Qiwan(School of Electronic and Information Engineering,Changchun University of Science and Technology,Changchun 130022,China;Changchun Meteorological Instrument Research Institute,Changchun 130102,China)

机构地区：[1]长春理工大学电子信息工程学院,长春130022 [2]长春气象仪器研究所,长春130102

出　　处：《仪器仪表学报》2024年第6期75-82,共8页Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument

基　　金：吉林省自然科学基金(YDZJ202301ZYTS412);吉林省教育厅科学技术项目(JJKH20240938KJ);吉林省教育厅产业化培育项目(JJKH20240940CY)资助。

摘　　要：考虑到当前基于时差法的超声波测风方法是间歇式测量,并且在脉冲噪声背景下测风精度较差,提出一种基于分数低阶协方差的阵列式超声波连续测风方法。该方法采用由一个发射超声波换能器和4个接收换能器组成的超声波测风阵列结构,依托该阵列结构通过对其连续采样并进行分数低阶协方差运算处理以抑制脉冲冲击噪声的影响,然后结合多重信号分类算法即可实现风速风向的高精度连续测量。通过仿真对比实验和实际测量实验验证了所提方法的有效性及优越性,与其他超声波测风方法相比具有更强的噪声抑制能力及测风精度,在实测实验中风速和风向的测量误差分别为1.2%和2°,基本达到了超声波风速风向测量的精度要求。The current ultrasonic wind measurement method based on the time difference method is intermittent measurement.Its accuracy is poor in the background of pulse noise.To address this issue,an array ultrasonic continuous wind measurement method based on fractional low-order covariance is proposed in this article.The method adopts an ultrasonic wind measurement array structure consisting of one transmitting ultrasonic transducer and four receiving transducers.Leveraging this array structure,continuous sampling is implemented and fractional low-order covariance operations are applied to suppress the influence of impulse impact noise.Subsequently,the combination with the multiple signal classification algorithm enables high-precision continuous measurement of wind speed and direction.The effectiveness and superiority of the proposed method are evaluated through simulation comparative experiments and actual measurement experiments.Compared with other ultrasonic wind measurement methods,the proposed method shows stronger noise suppression capabilities and higher wind measurement accuracy.In practical experiments,the measurement errors for wind speed and wind direction are 1.2%and 2°,respectively,which could meet the fundamental technical requirements of ultrasonic anemometers.

关 键 词：阵列式测风 脉冲噪声 ALPHA稳定分布 连续测风 分数低阶协方差 

分 类 号：TH765[机械工程—仪器科学与技术]