环境扫描、组织学习与在位企业内部创业颠覆性创新实施过程——微信和抖音的案例分析  

Environmental Scanning,Organizational Learning and the Implementation Process of Disruptive Innovation in Incumbent Enterprises:The Case of Wechat and Douyin

作　　者：刘洪民 魏鑫海 王诗琪 武兆倩 Liu Hongmin;Wei Xinhai;Wang Shiqi;Wu Zhaoqian(School of Economics and Management,Zhejiang University of Science and Technology,Hangzhou 310023,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江科技大学经济与管理学院,浙江杭州310023

出　　处：《科技创业月刊》2024年第9期190-199,共10页Journal of Entrepreneurship in Science & Technology

基　　金：浙江省高校重大人文社科攻关计划项目“基于颠覆性创新的企业技术监控机制研究”(2021GH029);教育部人文社会科学研究规划项目“基于颠覆性技术创新的企业环境扫描与创新决策耦合机制研究”(22YJA630052);浙江科技大学研究生课程建设项目“技术创新管理专题”(F464107N04);浙江科技大学教学研究与改革重大项目“新文科+新工科引领数智时代管理工程类专业人才培养改革的研究与实践”(2024-jg02)。

摘　　要：VUCA环境中,在位企业时刻面临着被颠覆的风险,如何实现颠覆性创新来维持自身地位成为企业持续发展的关键。通过对两家互联网在位企业内部创业典型产品——微信和抖音的案例研究,探讨环境扫描、组织学习和组织内部创业颠覆性创新实现过程的内在逻辑。研究发现,在企业内部创业颠覆性创新实施过程的创意产生、创业孵化、规模化扩展的3个阶段,环境扫描可以有效助力企业在创新过程中更好地把握环境变化和重要的机会窗口。组织学习贯穿整个颠覆性创新过程,通过识别差距(模仿学习)、知识移植转化(嫁接学习)和技术人才的引育及迭代创新(启发学习)等演进过程来动态支撑颠覆性创新的实现。内部创业是在位企业通过颠覆性创新进入一个高风险、高增长潜力新市场的重要选择,其关键是创造一个识别和鼓励内部创业的环境并通过完善的内部组织结构和制度规范来控制创业风险。In the VUCA environment,incumbent enterprises are always facing the risk of being subverted,and how to achieve disruptive innovation to maintain their position has become the key to sustainable development of enterprises.The internal logic of environmental scanning,organizational learning and the process of realizing disruptive innovation in organizational entrepreneurship is discussed through the case studies of wechat and Douyin,two typical products of internal entrepreneurship in Internet incumbents.It is found that environmental scanning can effectively help enterprises better grasp environmental changes and important opportunity Windows in the innovation process during the three stages of idea generation,business incubation and scale expansion in the implementation process of intra-enterprise disruptive innovation.Organizational learning runs through the whole process of disruptive innovation,and dynamically supports the realization of disruptive innovation through the evolution process of identifying gaps(imitation learning),knowledge transfer and transformation(grafting learning),and technical talent induction and iterative innovation(inspired learning).Intrapreneur is an important choice for incumbent enterprises to enter a new market with high risk and high growth potential through disruptive innovation.The key is to create an environment that recognizes and encourages intrapreneur and control entrepreneurial risks through perfect internal structure and institutional norms.

关 键 词：在位企业 颠覆性创新 组织学习 环境扫描 内部创业 

分 类 号：F273.1[经济管理—企业管理]