习得年龄和累计频率对儿童汉字识别的影响  

The Effects of Age of Acquisition and Cumulative Frequency on the Recognition of Visual Characters in Children

作　　者：巫金根[1,2] 郭梅华 于棋 王冰然 程小云 闫国利 WU Jingen;GUO Meihua;YU Qi;WANG Bingran;CHENG Xiaoyun;YAN Guoli(Key Research Base of Humanities and Social Sciences of the Ministry of Education,Academy of Psychology and Behavior,Faculty of Psychology,Tianjin Social Science Laboratory of Students’Mental Development and Learning,Tianjin Normal University,Tianjin 300387;School of Arts and Child Education,Yango University 350015;School of Education and Psychology,Minnan Normal University,Zhangzhou 363000;Tianjin Primary School of Hexi District,Tianjin 300222)

机构地区：[1]教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地天津师范大学心理与行为研究院,天津师范大学心理学部,学生心理发展与学习天津市高校社会科学实验室,天津300387 [2]阳光学院艺术与儿童教育学院,福州350015 [3]闽南师范大学教育与心理学院,漳州363000 [4]天津市河西区天津小学,天津300222

出　　处：《心理与行为研究》2024年第3期297-304,共8页Studies of Psychology and Behavior

基　　金：2022年度教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目(22JJD190012)。

摘　　要：考察五年级小学生在三项汉字识别任务中识别习得早-高频字、习得早-低频字、习得中-低频字和习得晚-低频字的习得年龄效应与累计频率效应。结果发现:(1)语音范畴判断任务和汉字命名任务存在习得年龄效应,ln(习得时长)能预测这两项任务的反应时;(2)语义范畴判断任务和汉字命名任务存在累计频率效应,ln(频率值)能预测这两项任务的反应时。研究结果支持语音完整性假设和网络可塑性假设,不支持累计频率假设和语义假设。To investigate the role of age of acquisition(AoA)and cumulative frequency in children’s visual character recognition,four types of characters(early AoA-high frequency,early AoA-low frequency,medium AoA-low frequency,and late AoA-low frequency)were designed,and three types of tasks were conducted in the present study to explore the effects of AoA and cumulative frequency.The results showed that the cumulative frequency effects were present in both the semantic classification task and the immediate naming task,and the AoA effects were present in both the phonetic classification task and the immediate naming task.The regression analysis confirmed that the log-transformed reaction time of recognizing characters in the semantic classification task and the immediate naming task were both predicted by the ln(cumulative frequency),while the reaction time of recognizing characters in the phonetic classification task and the immediate naming task were both predicted by the ln(time known).The above results consistently indicate that the phonological completeness hypothesis and the network plasticity hypothesis,but not the semantic hypothesis and the cumulative frequency hypothesis,can account for AoA and cumulative frequency effects in children’s visual character recognition.

关 键 词：习得年龄 累计频率 儿童 汉字识别 

分 类 号：B842[哲学宗教—基础心理学]