基于经验模型的罐式炉挥发分均流分配技术研究  

Research on the uniform flow distribution technology of volatile matter in vertical shaft furnace based on empirical model

作　　者：周善红[1] 孙毅[1] Zhou Shan-hong;Sun Yi(Shenyang Aluminum and Magnesium Engineering&Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Liaoning Shenyang 110001,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳铝镁设计研究院有限公司,辽宁沈阳110001

出　　处：《炭素技术》2024年第4期79-83,共5页Carbon Techniques

摘　　要：采用数值模拟技术,计算了罐式炉内同组火道内,负压变化后挥发分分配比例的变化情况,得到如下结论:火道负压小幅波动就会造成挥发分分配的大幅波动,同组中某条火道负压增大5 Pa,该火道所占挥发分比例增加16%。结合罐式炉特性分析,对比了采用多变量PID控制技术与基于经验模型的挥发分纵向均流分配技术,在控制效果上的区别:前者的主控目标温度波动范围±15℃,但系统稳定性差,自动化率比较低;同时执行机构调节频次较大,设备寿命较短。而后者通过专家经验和模糊控制相结合,考虑阀门开度-助燃空气量-负压-挥发分分配的协同关系,实现主控目标温度波动范围±20℃,系统稳定性和自动化率明显提高,生产运行成本更低,对罐式炉这种复杂多变的挥发分燃烧控制更为有效。Using numerical simulation technology,the changes in the distribution proportion of volatile matter in the same group of flue of vertical shaft furnace were calculated after changing negative pressure.The following conclusion was drawn:a small fluctuation in the negative pressure of the flue can cause a significant fluctuation in the distribution of volatile matter.If the negative pressure of a certain flue in the same group increases by 5 Pa,the proportion of volatile matter in that flue will increase by 16%.Based on the analysis of the characteristics of the vertical shaft furnace,a comparison was made between the use of multi variable PID control technology and the empirical model based vertical uniform flow distribution technology for volatile matter.The difference in control effectiveness was as fol⁃lows:the former has a main control target temperature fluctuation range of±15℃,but the system stability is poor and the automation rate is relatively low.At the same time,the frequency of actuator adjustment is high,and the equipment life is short.The latter combines expert experience and fuzzy control,considering the synergistic relationship between valve opening,combustion air volume,negative pressure,and volatile distribution,to achieve a main control target temperature fluctuation range of±20℃.The system stability and au⁃tomation rate are significantly improved,and the production and operation costs are lower.It is more effective in controlling the complex and variable volatile combustion of vertical shaft furnaces.

关 键 词：罐式炉 挥发分 均流分配 经验模型 PID控制 

分 类 号：TF806.1[冶金工程—有色金属冶金]