《史记》位移动词的发展及其历时变化——以“入、出、往、来、去、至”为例  

The Development and Diachronic Changes of the Moving Verbs in Shiji-Taking“Ru,Chu,Wang,Lai,Qu,Zhi”as an Example

作　　者：张雨涛 ZHANG Yu-tao(College of Arts,Shanghai University,Shanghai 200444,China)

机构地区：[1]上海大学文学院,上海200444

出　　处：《喀什大学学报》2024年第4期81-87,共7页Journal of Kashi University

基　　金：2022年教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目“面对上古汉语知识库的出土文献词汇语法研究”(22JJD740003)。

摘　　要：位移类动词在上古汉语内部不同阶段发展面貌是不同的。以“入、出、往、来、去、至”6个表路径义动词为个例,纵向考察了《左传》《国语》《战国策》《史记》《汉书》5部典籍的使用情况,变化最显著的是:位移类动词的E型在汉代用例更为丰富;先秦时期几乎不见DPP型的使用,而在汉代以后开始大量出现。总的趋势是,从先秦到两汉,位移类动词从单一的V型加快向其他类型发展。这种现象显然和汉语语音简化所导致的汉语复音化进程加强相关。The development of moving verbs in ancient Chinese varies at different stages.Taking the six path semantic verbs“Ru,Chu,Wang,Lai,Qu,Zhi”as examples,this study conducted a longitudinal examination of the usage of five classic books,including Zuozhuan,Guoyu,Zhanguo Ce,Shiji and Hanshu.The most significant change is that the E-type language of self moving verbs had more abundant use cases in the Han Dynasty.During the Pre-Qin period,there was almost no use of DPP type language,but it began to appear in large numbers after the Han Dynasty.The overall trend is to accelerate the development of self moving verbs from a single V-type language to other types from the Pre Qin to the Han Dynasty.This phenomenon is clearly related to the strengthening of the process of Chinese polyphony caused by the simplification of Chinese phonetics.

关 键 词：《史记》 位移动词 内部发展 双音节化 

分 类 号：H109.2[语言文字—汉语]