闻知与体认:论杨慎融通道释的生命智慧  

Comprehension and Realization:On Yang Shen's Life Wisdom of Integrating Taoism and Buddhism

作　　者：范靖宜 Fan Jingyi

机构地区：[1]四川大学古籍整理研究所,成都610065

出　　处：《四川大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2024年第5期199-205,219,220,共9页Journal of Sichuan University：Philosophy and Social Science Edition

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“创造性转化与创新性发展视野下的中华生命智慧研究”(22ZDA082);四川省博士后科研项目特别资助“苏轼与杨慎生命智慧比较研究”(2023-82)。

摘　　要：生命智慧植根于中华传统儒道释文化思想,展现了主体在时间与空间中安身立命的多元路径。嘉靖三年(1524),杨慎因卷入“大礼议”事件被永久流放云南永昌,其治学理念与处世价值从对儒学的拥趸转向对道释的融通。他以道释思想重构学术生命理路与身心内在平衡,从闻知与体认两个维度构建支点,实现学问的自洽与精神的自适。在闻知上,他通过老庄思想重塑生命存在观,并援引道释二家对理学与心学进行批评与修正。在体认上,他聚焦道家养性护命思想的诠释,通过任诞行为解构礼教,并对佛教展开具身的再认识,完成了生命境界的超越。同时,杨慎将道释思想融入文学书写,尝试通过文学实践调和儒道释精神结构以达至更加圆融的生命智慧。Rooted in Confucianism,Taoism and Buddhism,life wisdom demonstrates multiple paths with which the subjects settle their lives and spirits in peace.In the third year of the reign of Emperor Jiajing(1524),Yang Shen was involved in the“Da Li Yi”incident and was permanently exiled to Yongchang of Yunnan,which turned his early support for Confucianism to the integration of Taoism and Buddhism.Adopting thoughts of Taoism and Buddhism to reconstruct his academic life as well as the inner balance between body and mind,Yang Shen built fulcrums in two dimensions of comprehension and realization,aiming to achieve self-consistency in learning and spiritual self-adaption in his personal life.In terms of comprehension,he reconstructed his outlook on life with the thoughts of Laozi and Zhuangzi and invoked Taoism and Buddhism to criticize and correct neo-Confucianism and the philosophy of the mind.In terms of realization,he focused on interpretation of Taoist thoughts of nature cultivation and life protection,deconstructed the feudal code of ethics through arbitrary behaviors,launched a new recognition of Buddhism,and achieved transcendence of life realm.Meanwhile,Yang Shen also integrated thoughts of Taoism and Buddhism into his literary writing and attempted to reconcile the spiritual structure of Confucianism,Taoism and Buddhism through literary practice in order to achieve more harmonious life intelligence.In terms of comprehension,Yang Shen reshaped the view of life existence by borrowing the philosophy of Laozi and Zhuangzi,and reflected on the formalization and pretense of Confucian etiquette.Yang Shen also criticized the sectarianism of Song Confucianists towards Buddhism and Taoism,pointing out that the prejudice of the Confucian school hindered the exchange of thoughts among the three schools,and affected the diversity and uniqueness of Confucianism.He corrected the empty and shallow style of Neo-Confucianism and the philosophy of the mind through textual research,advocated the intellectualized path of scholarship

关 键 词：杨慎 儒道释 生命智慧 文学书写 

分 类 号：B248[哲学宗教—中国哲学]