小麦籽粒储藏特征挥发物质分析与品质评价  

Analysis of Characteristics Volatile Organic Compounds and Quality Evaluation of Wheat Kernels Storage

作　　者：刘雨 任书炜 孙倩倩[1] 张瑞 张磊[1] 郭波莉[1] 李明[1] 张影全[1] LIU Yu;REN Shuwei;SUN Qianqian;ZHANG Rui;ZHANG Lei;GUO Boli;LI Ming;ZHANG Yingquan(Institute of Food Science and Technology,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Comprehensive Utilization Laboratory of Cereal and OilProcessing,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Beijing 100193;School of Health Science and Engineering,University of Shanghai forScience and Technology,Shanghai 200093)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院农产品加工研究所/农业农村部粮油加工综合利用技术集成实验室,北京100193 [2]上海理工大学健康科学与工程学院,上海200093

出　　处：《核农学报》2024年第11期2155-2164,共10页Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：中国农业科学院科技创新工程(CAAS-ASTIP-2023-IFST);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-03)。

摘　　要：粮食储藏及其品质鉴别对于保障粮食安全和减少粮食损失至关重要。为筛选小麦籽粒储藏过程中的关键挥发性物质,本研究将小麦籽粒于40℃、相对湿度65%的环境下进行为期28 d的储藏,选取储藏0、7、14、21、28 d的小麦籽粒样品,分析其中挥发性物质、萌发率、脂肪酸值、丙二醛(MDA)含量、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、过氧化物酶(POD)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性的变化规律。结果表明,随着储藏时间的延长,总挥发性物质含量显著降低,MDA含量显著增加(21~28 d除外),萌发率和抗氧化保护酶(CAT、POD、SOD)活性总体呈下降趋势。通过小麦挥发性物质与储藏品质指标之间的相关性分析,确定叔丁醇、2-己烯醛、乙二醇二甲醚、2-戊基呋喃、庚醛、辛醛、3-甲基-2-丁烯醛、1-辛烯-3-酮、异亚丙基丙酮为小麦籽粒储藏关键挥发性物质;逐步线性判别分析显示,上述特征挥发性物质对不同储藏时间下样品的正确分类效果达98%,可作为小麦籽粒储藏品质的鉴别指标。本研究可为粮食储藏过程中的品质鉴别提供技术支撑。Grain storage and quality identification are crucial for ensuring grain security and reducing grain losses.To screen for the key volatile organic compounds(VOCs)during the storage process of wheat kernels,wheat grains were stored at 40℃and relative humidity(RH)of 65%for 28 days.The changes of the VOCs,germination rate,fatty acid value,malondialdehyde(MDA)content,catalase(CAT),peroxidase(POD)and superoxide dismutase(SOD)activities were analyzed when the wheat kernels were stored for 0,7,14,21,28 days.The results indicated that with prolonged storage time,the total content of VOCs significantly decreased,MDA content increased significantly(except for 21-28 d),and the germination rate and the activity of antioxidant protective enzymes(CAT,POD and SOD)all showed a declining trend.Through the correlation analysis between wheat VOCs and storage quality indicators,it was found that tert-butanol,2-hexenal,ethylene glycol dimethyl ether,2-pentylfuran,heptanal,octanal,3-methyl-2-butenal,1-octen-3-one and isopropenyl acetone were the key VOCs for wheat kernels storage.Stepwise linear discriminant analysis demonstrated that the correct classification effect of the above characteristic VOCs on samples at different storage was 98%,which could be used as indicators for the identification of wheat grain storage quality.This study provides support for quality identification during grain storage.

关 键 词：小麦籽粒 特征挥发物质 粮食储藏 品质鉴别 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]