中低速磁浮轨道不平顺功率谱研究  

Study on the Power Spectrum of Irregularities in Medium and Low Speed Maglev Tracks

作　　者：李梦雪 张敏[1] 马卫华[1] 罗世辉[1] LI Mengxue;ZHANG Min;MA Weihua;LUO Shihui(State Key Laboratory of Traction Power,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,China)

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学牵引动力国家重点实验室,成都610031

出　　处：《铁道标准设计》2024年第9期40-47,共8页Railway Standard Design

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52102442);中央高效科技创新项目(2682022CX060);中国国家铁路集团有限公司科技研究开发计划项目(N2021J033);中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司基金项目(2021YJ026)。

摘　　要：轨道不平顺作为中低速磁浮列车主要的外部激励源,是造成磁浮列车-轨道耦合振动的重要原因。由于弦测值幅频特性存在畸变,通常不能作为实际轨道不平顺应用于工程实践中。基于实测长达4 km的长沙磁浮快线F轨高低和轨向10 m弦测数据,分析实测数据的传递特性,利用“以小推大”逆推算法扩大轨道不平顺波长的有效检测范围,并采用“逆滤波”算法对轨道不平顺进行复原,得到0.5~100 m波长的轨道不平顺。结果表明:实测F轨10 m弦测数据存在畸变,总体趋势与传递函数相符,不能对实际轨道几何状态正确表达;修正后的轨道不平顺功率谱具有很好的平顺性,无明显周期性成分;对轨道不平顺功率谱进行分段拟合,确定中低速磁浮轨道不平顺表达式的各项参数;将拟合的中低速磁浮轨道谱与国内外成熟铁路轨道谱进行对比,高低轨道不平顺与德国高干扰谱较为接近,在1.5~100 m波长范围内,处于德国高干扰谱与德国低干扰谱之间,在0.5~1 m波长范围内,处于美国五级谱与美国六级谱之间;轨向不平顺与高速铁路标准谱较为接近,在波长7~100 m波长范围内,高于高速铁路标准谱,在波长0.5~7 m波长范围内,低于高速铁路标准谱。Track irregularities,as the main external excitation source for medium and low speed maglev(MLSM)trains,are an important cause of maglev train-track coupling vibrations.Due to distortions in the amplitude and frequency characteristics,the chord measurement values cannot be used in engineering practice to assess actual track irregularities.Based on measured data from a 4 km section of the Changsha Maglev Express Line's F-shaped track,including 10 m chord measurements for lateral and vertical irregularities,the transfer characteristics of the measured data were analyzed.A reverse calculation method of"small to large"was employed to expand the effective detection range of the track irregularity wavelength,and an inverse filtering algorithm was used to restore the track irregularities,obtaining track irregularities with wavelength ranging from 0.5 to 100 m.The results showed that the 10 m chord measurement data of the F-track exhibited distortion,and while the overall trend aligned with the transfer function.It did not accurately reflect the actual geometric state of the track.The corrected irregularity power spectrum of the track showed good smoothness without obvious periodic components.By performing segmental fitting of the track irregularity power spectrum,the parameters of the expression of MLSM track irregularities were determined.A comparison between the fitted MLSM track spectrum and established railway track spectra at home and abroad revealed that the vertical track irregularities were similar to the German high interference spectrum,falling between the German high interference and low interference spectra for wavelength between 1.5 and 100 m,and between the US Class 5 and Class 6 spectra for wavelength between 0.5 and 1 m.The lateral irregularities were relatively close to the standard spectrum of high-speed railway,exceeding it in wavelength between 7 to 100 m but falling below it in the 0.5 to 7 m range.

关 键 词：中低速磁浮列车 功率谱密度 中点弦测法 轨道不平顺 曲线拟合 

分 类 号：U237[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程] U213.2