胶园间作不同马铃薯品种对土壤性质及微生物多样性的影响  

Effect Analysis of Rubber Plantation Intercropped with Different Potato Varieties on Soil Properties and Microbial Diversity

作　　者：傅泳维 张振华 涂敏[2] 蔡海滨[2] 张红骥 于德才[3] FU Yongwei;ZHANG Zhenhua;TU Min;CAI Haibin;ZHANG Hongji;YU Decai(College of Ecology and Environment,Hainan University,Haikou,Hainan 570228,China;Rubber Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences,Haikou,Hainan 571101,China;College of Plant Protection,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming,Yunnan 650201,China)

机构地区：[1]海南大学生态与环境学院,海南海口570228 [2]中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所,海南海口571101 [3]云南农业大学植物保护学院,云南昆明650201

出　　处：《热带作物学报》2024年第9期1857-1867,共11页Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops

基　　金：海南省重点研发计划项目(No.ZDYF2021XDNY291)。

摘　　要：本研究以橡胶单作为对照,采用生物化学分析方法和高通量测序技术,分析间作不同马铃薯品种后胶园土壤化学性质、酶活性以及微生物多样性的变化规律。研究结果表明:胶园间作不同马铃薯相比橡胶单作能显著提高土壤有机质、全氮、全磷、全钾、碱解氮和有效磷含量及土壤β-葡萄糖苷酶、N-乙酰-β-D-葡萄糖苷酶、酸性磷酸酶和芳基硫酸酯酶活性,不同品种间存在显著差异,对土壤养分影响排序为:剑川红>紫薯>大牛角,对土壤酶活性影响排序为:大牛角>剑川红>紫薯。胶园间作马铃薯显著提高土壤微生物的丰富度指数和多样性指数,品种间不存在显著差异。但不同品种对土壤特定菌群丰度影响存在显著差异,总体趋势是显著降低特有细菌如绿弯菌门(Chloroflexi)、脱硫菌门(Desulfobacterota)等的丰度,显著增加特有真菌如被孢菌门(Mortierellomycota)、壶菌门(Chytridiomycota)、梳霉门(Kickxellomycota)等的丰度。LEfSe分析发现间作马铃薯富集了一些参与物质循环或具有拮抗植物病原菌的有益微生物,大牛角、紫薯和剑川红分别富集了16、26和31种标志微生物。冗余分析和相关性分析发现,土壤养分和酶活性与胶园土壤特定细菌、真菌门丰度有显著相关性,养分和酶活性增加,降低细菌门丰度,增加真菌门丰度。综上所述,间作马铃薯显著提高了胶园土壤养分、酶活性以及土壤微生物群落多样性,降低特定细菌门和增加特定真菌门的丰度;不同马铃薯品种对土壤养分和酶活性的影响存在显著差异,可能与其富集不同有益微生物相关。本研究为胶园林下间作提供了新的思路和数据支撑。The changing patterns of soil chemical properties,enzyme activity,and microbial diversity in rubber plantations intercropped with three potato varieties(Jianchuanhong or JCH,Zishu or ZS,Daniujiao or DJN)were studied in this study.The results showed that rubber plantation intercropped with potatoes could significantly increase the soil organic matter,total nitrogen,total phosphorus,total potassium,alkaline dissolved nitrogen,effective phosphorus,soilβ-glucosidase,N-acetylβ-D-glucosidase,acid phosphatase and aryl sulfatase activities,compared with rubber monoculture.There were significant differences among different potato varieties,with nutrient contents ranked as JCH>ZS>DJN,and enzyme activity ranked as DJN>JCH>ZS.Potatoes intercropped significantly increased the richness and diversity indexes of soil microorgnisms,and no significant differences among potato varieties.However,there was significant difference in the influence of different potato varieties on the abundance of specific microorgnisms in soil.1858热带作物学报第45卷The overall trend was that the abundance of specific bacterial such as Chloroflexi,Desulfobacterota were significantly decreased;the abundance of specific fungal such as Mortierellomycota,Chytridiomycota,and Kickxellomycota were significant increased.LEfSE analyses revealed that some beneficial microorganisms involved in material cycle or antagonistic to plant pathogens were enriched in the intercroppedg soil.DJN,ZS and JCH enriched 16,26 and 31 marker microorganisms,respectively.Redundancy and correlation analysis showed that soil nutrient and enzyme activity were significantly correlated with the abundance of specific bacteria and fungi in the soil of rubber plantation.The increase of soil nutrients and enzyme activity decreased the abundance of specific bacterial and significantly increased the abundance of specific fungi.In conclusion,potato intercropped significantly increased soil nutrients,enzyme activity and soil microbial community diversity,but decreased the abundance of

关 键 词：橡胶树 马铃薯 间作 土壤化学性质 酶活 微生物多样性 

分 类 号：S154.3[农业科学—土壤学] S532[农业科学—农业基础科学]