不同干燥方式对鹿茸菇品质的影响  

Effect of Different Drying Methods on Quality of Lyophyllum decastes

作　　者：于海玲 汪依霓 万雨欣 杨苗 彭汇涵 王明元[1] 刘建福[1] YU Hailing;WANG Yini;WAN Yuxin;YANG Miao;PENG Huihan;WANG Mingyuan;LIU Jianfu(College of Chemical Engineering,Huaqiao University,Xiamen 361021,China)

机构地区：[1]华侨大学化工学院,福建厦门361021

出　　处：《华侨大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第5期673-680,共8页Journal of Huaqiao University(Natural Science)

基　　金：福建省星火项目(2021S0036,2022S0050);福建省厦门市科技计划项目(3502Z20226030)。

摘　　要：为探究不同干燥方式对鹿茸菇品质的影响,以新鲜鹿茸菇为原料,分别采用热风干燥、微波干燥及真空冷冻干燥3种方式,对处理后的鹿茸菇外观、营养成分质量分数、抗氧化活性和复水特性进行检测。结果表明:不同干燥方式对鹿茸菇外观及营养成分质量分数的影响不同,真空冷冻干燥能较好地保持样品外观,热风干燥次之,微波干燥对鹿茸菇外观影响最大;3种干燥方式中,真空冷冻干燥鹿茸菇的多糖与蛋白质质量分数高于其他两种干燥方式,而热风干燥鹿茸菇的粗纤维和脂肪质量分数较高,微波干燥鹿茸菇菌盖的总酚和总黄酮质量分数最高,分别为4.95,7.96 mg·g^(-1);干燥后鹿茸菇酚类物质具有较强的清除DPPH自由基和ABTS自由基的能力,各处理组间的复水比呈现显著差异;真空冷冻干燥鹿茸菇干品的各项指标最佳,为较优干燥方式。To explore the effects of different drying techniques on the quality of Lyophyllum decastes,fresh Lyophyllum decastes was used as starting material,and three methods including hot air drying,microwave drying and vacuum freeze-drying were used to test the appearance,mass fraction of nutrient component,antioxidant activity and rehydration properties of Lyophyllum decastes after treatment.The results showed that different drying methods had different effects on the appearance and mass fraction of nutrient component of Lyophyllum decastes.Vacuum freeze-drying could better maintain the appearance of the sample,followed by hot air drying,and microwave drying had the most impact on the appearance of Lyophyllum decastes.Among the three drying methods,the mass fractions of polysaccharide and protein of vacuum freeze-dried Lyophyllum decastes were higher than those by the other two drying methods,while the mass fractions of crude fiber and fat of hot air dried Lyophyllum decastes were higher,and the mass fractions of total phenolic and total flavonoid of microwave dried Lyophyllum decastes caps were the highest at 4.95 and 7.96 mg·g^(-1),respectively.After drying,the phenolic substances of Lyophyllum decastes had strong ability to scavenge DPPH free radicals and ABTS free radicals,and the rehydration ratios between each treatment group showed significant differences.The vacuum freeze drying of dried Lyophyllum decastes had the best indicators and was the preferred drying method.

关 键 词：鹿茸菇 干燥方式 营养成分 复水特性 

分 类 号：S646.1[农业科学—蔬菜学]