不同形式齿轨车辆动态特性研究  

Dynamic characteristics of different rack vehicles

作　　者：陈兆玮 袁密奥 李世辉 易虹雨 杨吉忠[2] 陈志辉[2] CHEN Zhao-wei;YUAN Mi-ao;LI Shi-hui;YI Hong-yu;YANG Ji-zhong;CHEN Zhi-hui(School of Mechanotronics and Vehicle Engineering,Chongqing Jiaotong University,Chongqing 400074,China;Science and Technology Research Institute,China Railway Eryuan Engineering Group Co.,Ltd.,Chengdu 610036,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆交通大学机电与车辆工程学院,重庆400074 [2]中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司科学技术研究院,四川成都610031

出　　处：《振动工程学报》2024年第9期1564-1574,共11页Journal of Vibration Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52008067);重庆市自然科学基金资助项目(CSTB2022NSCQ-MSX1193);重庆市教育委员会科学技术研究项目(KJZD-M202300701)。

摘　　要：为了提高轨道车辆的爬坡能力,齿轨车辆在传统轨道车辆的基础上加入了齿轮-齿轨啮合系统。针对目前世界上的齿轨铁路系统种类较多,其配备齿轮-齿轨啮合系统多样性所导致的齿轨车辆动态特性差异的问题,本文在解析齿轮-齿轨啮合激扰产生机理的基础上,考虑齿轮-齿轨啮合冲击,建立了两类Strub系统、双排齿Abt系统以及Locher系统四种不同形式的齿轨车辆动力学模型,并对模型进行了实验验证;采用所建立的模型,分析了齿轨车辆以不同速度在坡道啮合路段运行时的齿轮-齿轨啮合行为,并探究了线路不平顺对齿轨车辆齿轮-齿轨啮合中心距误差的影响;在此基础上研究了齿轨车辆的轮轨作用以及车辆加速度,由此分析了齿轨车辆的安全性与平稳性。结果表明:不同形式的齿轨车辆动态特性存在显著差异,Locher系统齿轨车辆动态特性最佳;同轴Strub系统与双排齿Abt系统的齿轮啮合行为较差且受线路不平顺影响明显,齿轮-齿轨啮合力最大冲击值达20.3 kN,啮合中心距误差达3.73 cm;同轴Strub系统与双排齿Abt系统车辆安全性较差,双排齿Abt系统的轮轨垂向力最大达51.7 kN;异轴Strub系统的车辆平稳性最差,最大车体垂向加速度为0.033 m/s2,平稳性指标为1.27。In order to improve the climbing ability of rack vehicles,the gear-rack system is added to the traditional rail vehicles.Aiming at the problem that there are many kinds of gear-rack systems in the world at present,and the diversity of gear-rack sys⁃tems equipped with them leading to the dynamic characteristics difference of rack vehicles,this paper considers the impact of gearrack meshing on the basis of analyzing the generation mechanism of gear-rack meshing excitation,the rack vehicle coupled dynamic models with two kinds of Strub system,double row teeth Abt system and Locher system are established,and experimental verifi⁃cation on the model are carried out;Based on the model,the gear-rack meshing behavior of rack vehicle running at different speeds on the engagement section of the ramp is analyzed,and the influence of track irregularities on the gear-rack meshing center distance error is explored;On this basis,the wheel/rail action and car body acceleration of the rack vehicle are studied,and the rack vehicle safety are analyzed as well as stabitity.The results show that there are significant differences in the dynamic characteristics of rack vehicles with different gear-rack systems,and the Locher system has the best dynamic characteristics;The gear-rack meshing be⁃havior of coaxial Strub system and double row teeth Abt system is poor and affected by the track irregularity obviously.The maxi⁃mum impact value of the gear-rack contact force is 20.3 kN,and the meshing center distance error is 3.73 cm;The safety of coaxial Strub system and double row teeth Abt system is poor,and the maximum wheel/rail vertical force of double row teeth Abt system is 51.7 kN;The car body stability of the differential shaft Strub system is the worst.The maximum car body acceleration is 0.033 m/s2,and the stability index is 1.27.The conclusions offer theoretical support for the design,safe operation,and mainte⁃nance of mountain rack railways in China.

关 键 词：齿轨车辆 车辆动力学 齿轨铁路系统 齿轮-齿轨啮合 动力学性能 

分 类 号：U234[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程] U270.11[机械工程—车辆工程]