不同混合精料对骑乘用滇马运动性能的影响  

Effects of different mixtures of refined materials on the exercise performance of Yunnan horses for riding

作　　者：陈诺 王文华 李石友[3] 陈红艳[3] 施忠芬[3] 徐英[3] 李琦华[4] CHEN Nuo;WANG Wenhua;LI Shiyou;CHEN Hongyan;SHI Zhongfen;XU Ying;LI Qihua(Animal Husbandry Technology Promotion Station in Weixin County,Yunnan Province,Weixin 657900,China;Yunnan Province Yongshan County Animal Husbandry Technology Promotion Station,Yunnan Province,Yongshan 657300,China;School of Animal Science and Technology,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650201,China;Yunnan Agricultural Vocational and Technical College,Kunming 650201,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省威信县畜牧技术推广站,云南威信657900 [2]云南省永善县畜牧技术推广站,云南永善657300 [3]云南农业职业技术学院,昆明650201 [4]云南农业大学动物科学技术学院,昆明650201

出　　处：《养殖与饲料》2024年第10期23-28,共6页Animals Breeding and Feed

基　　金：云南农业职业技术学院科学研究基金资助项目(Ynavc202226)。

摘　　要：[目的]分析不同混合精料对提高骑乘用滇马运动性能的作用,筛选出相对较好的精料配方。[方法]选取18匹健康、调教程度相近的骑乘用滇马(试验马均为母马,体质量130~180kg、年龄6~9岁、体高100~120cm的马各6匹),采用随机化区组设计方法分为6组,每组3匹进行饲养试验。在饲喂相同粗饲料的情况下,分别给马饲喂能量水平13.79、13.38、12.96、12.54、12.69、12.12 MJ/kg,蛋白水平为17.51%、16.01%、14.51%、13.01%、12.32%、11.50%的6种混合精料,在试验的第一阶段(第1~7天)、第二阶段(第8~14天)和第三阶段(第15~21天)分别测量其运动5 km后即刻、10 min和20 min后的呼吸频率、心率和直肠温度。[结果]马运动后即刻的第一阶段中,Ⅱ组马的呼吸频率最低;第二阶段的中,Ⅱ组马的直肠温度最低,分别比Ⅰ组、Ⅲ组、Ⅳ组、Ⅴ组和Ⅵ组马的直肠温度低0.37、0.27、0.33、0.55、0.60℃;运动后10 min时的第一阶段中,I组、Ⅲ组、Ⅳ组、Ⅴ组和Ⅵ组马的心率极显著高于Ⅱ组;第二阶段中,Ⅱ组马呼吸频率分别比Ⅰ组、Ⅴ组和Ⅵ组低0.66、5.00、7.33次/min;运动后20min时的第三阶段中,Ⅱ组马的呼吸频率比Ⅰ组低0.33次/min。[结论]能量水平为13.38 MJ/kg、蛋白水平为16.01%的Ⅱ组混合精料对提高骑乘用滇马的运动性能具有积极作用。[Objectives]The effects of different mixtures of refined materials on improving the exercise performance of Yunnan horses for riding were analyzed to screen out a relatively better formula of refined materials.[Methods]18 healthy and similarly trained Yunnan horses for riding(horses tested were all mares with a body weight of 130-180 kg,age of 6-9 years,and height of 100-120 cm)were divided into 6 groups with randomized block design method,with 3 horses in each group for feeding experiments.Under feeding the same roughage,horses were fed with six mixtures of refined materials with energy level of 13.79,13.38,12.96,12.54,12.69,12.12 MJ/kg and the content of protein of 17.51%,16.01%,14.51%,13.01%,12.32%,and 11.50%,respectively.The respiratory rate,heart rate,and rectal temperature were measured immediately,10 minutes,and 20 minutes after 5 km of exercise in the first stage(1-7 days),second stage(8-14 days),and third stage(15-21 days)of the experiment,respectively.[Results]In the first stage of immediately after exercise,horses in group Ⅱ had the lowest respiratory rate.In the second stage,the rectal temperature of horses in group Ⅱ was the lowest,0.37,0.27,0.33,0.55,0.60℃ lower than that in group Ⅰ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ,Ⅴ and Ⅵ,respectively.In the first stage of 10 min after exercise,the heart rate of horses in group Ⅰ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ,Ⅴ and Ⅵ was significantly higher than that in group Ⅱ.In the second stage of 10 min after exercise,the respiratory rate of horses in group Ⅱ was 0.66,5.00,7.33 times/min lower than that in group Ⅰ,Ⅴ and Ⅵ,respectively.In the third stage of 20 min after exercise,the respiratory rate of horses in group Ⅱ was 0.33 beats/min lower than that in group Ⅰ.[Conclusions]The mixture of refined materials in group Ⅱ with an energy level of 13.38 MJ/kg and the content of protein of 16.01%had a positive effect on improving the exercise performance of Yunnan horses for riding.

关 键 词：骑乘用滇马 混合精料 运动性能 能量 蛋白水平 呼吸频率 心率 直肠温度 

分 类 号：S821.5[农业科学—畜牧学]