盐碱水对鲌鲂“先锋2号”营养品质的影响  

Effects of saline-alkali water on the nutritional quality of Bo fang“Xianfeng No.2”

作　　者：喻亚丽[1,2] 李珍 张浪 李清 孙艳红 魏辉杰 王贵英 甘金华 YU Yali;LI Zhen;ZHANG Lang;LI Qing;SUN Yanhong;WEI Huijie;WANG Guiying;GAN Jinhua(Institute of Yangtze River Fisheries,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences/Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Laboratory of Quality&Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Product,Wuhan 430223,China;Institute of Fisheries,Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Wuhan 430207,China;College of Animal Science and Technology,Yangtze University,Jingzhou 434022,China;Wuhan Xianfeng Aquaculture Technology Co.,Ltd,Wuhan 430207,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院长江水产研究所/农业农村部水产品质量安全风险评估实验室,武汉430223 [2]武汉市农业科学院水产研究所,武汉430207 [3]长江大学动物科学技术学院,湖北荆州434022 [4]武汉先锋水产科技有限公司,武汉430207

出　　处：《养殖与饲料》2024年第10期37-45,共9页Animals Breeding and Feed

基　　金：湖北省重点研发计划项目(2023BBB051);湖北省技术创新专项(2018ABA105);中央级科研院所基本科研业务费项目(2023XT0704);中国水产科学研究院基本科研业务费项目(2020TD74)。

摘　　要：[目的]探究水体盐碱度对鲌鲂“先锋2号”肌肉营养品质的影响,为淡水鱼在盐碱水环境中养殖提供科学依据。[方法]通过在盐碱水(5‰NaCl、1‰NaHCO_(3))中暂养鲌鲂“先锋2号”0 d(对照组)、8、16、30 d,分别对其肌肉中常规营养成分、氨基酸和脂肪酸含量和组成以及肌肉质构特性进行测定。[结果]试验组8 d、16 d和30 d的鱼肉蛋白质、脂肪含量均显著高于对照组0 d(P<0.05)。肌肉中氨基酸总量、必需氨基酸总量和非必需氨基酸总量随暂养时间延长呈先升后降的趋势,在16 d时含量达到最高值。在检测到的19种脂肪酸中,16种脂肪酸含量随着暂养时间延长而显著上升(P<0.05)。盐碱水暂养30 d时,肌肉硬度和弹性显著高于对照组0 d(P<0.05),8 d时回复性显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。[结论]鲌鲂“先锋2号”可以适应盐碱环境,且盐碱水可有效提高其肌肉营养品质,改善肌肉质地,具有较高的食用价值和经济价值。根据本研究结果与实际养殖情况综合考虑,建议鲌鲂“先锋2号”在盐碱水中暂养16 d。[Objectives]The effects of salinity and alkalinity in water on the nutrient quality of muscle in Bo fang"Xianfeng No.2"were studied to provide the scientific basis for farming freshwater fish in saline-alkali water.[Methods]Bo fang"Xianfeng No.2"were temporarily fed in saline-alkali water(5‰NaCl,1‰NaHCO_(3))for 0 days(as the control group),8 days,16 days,and 30 days(as the experimental group).The content and composition of conventional nutrients,amino acid and fatty acid,and the characteristics of muscle texture in muscles of Bo fang"Xianfeng No.2"were measured.[Results]The content of protein and fat in fish meat in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).The total amount of amino acids,essential amino acids,and non-essential amino acids in muscles had a trend of first increasing and then decreasing with the extension of time for temporary feeding,reaching the highest value at 16 days.Among the 19 fatty acids detected,the content of 16 fatty acids significantly increased with the prolongation of time for temporary feeding(P<0.05).The hardness and elasticity of muscle in 30 days of temporary feeding in salinealkali water were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05),and the recovery at 8 days was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).[Conclusions]Bo fang"Xianfeng No.2"adapted to saline-alkali environment,and saline-alkali water effectively improved the nutritional quality and texture of muscle,making it highly edible and economically valuable.It is recommended to feed Bo fang"Xianfeng No.2"temporarily in saline-alkali water for 16 days based on the results of the current study and the actual situation of aquaculture.

关 键 词：鲌鲂“先锋2号” 盐碱水 营养品质 氨基酸 脂肪酸 

分 类 号：S965.1[农业科学—水产养殖]