5种干果对印度谷螟发育及其消化酶活性的影响  

Study on the development and digestive enzyme activity of Plodia interpunctella feeding on five dried fruits

作　　者：王雨晴 徐兵强[2] 宋博[2] 李海强[2] 陈浩宇 郝敬喆[2] 朱晓锋[2] 任金龙[1] WANG Yuqing;XU Bingqiang;SONG Bo;LI Haiqiang;CHEN Haoyu;HAO Jingzhe;ZHU Xiaofeng;RENG Jinlong(College of Agronomy,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830091,China;Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northwestern Oasis,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,National Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Special Forestry and Fruit Industry,Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety,Institute of Plant Protection,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Urumqi 830091,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学农学院,乌鲁木齐830091 [2]新疆农业科学院植物保护研究所,农业农村部西北荒漠作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室,特色林果产业国家地方联合工程研究中心,新疆农业生物安全重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830091

出　　处：《植物保护》2024年第5期180-184,212,共6页Plant Protection

基　　金：新疆枣产业技术体系专项资金(XJCYTX-01);国家现代农业(桃)产业技术体系建设项目(CARS-30-ZZ-19);农业科技创新稳定支持项目(xjnkywdzc—2022004)。

摘　　要：本文研究红枣、葡萄干、杏脯、核桃和扁桃5种干果对印度谷螟Plodia interpunctella生长发育和消化酶活性的影响,结果表明,不同干果上印度谷螟产卵选择性具有显著差异,印度谷螟在葡萄干上的落卵率和落卵量最高,分别为49.17%和181.20粒,显著大于在其他食料上的落卵率和落卵量;其次在杏脯上的落卵率和落卵量也较高,分别为24.23%和89.20粒。食料对印度谷螟的发育也有显著影响,取食杏脯、葡萄干的印度谷螟幼虫发育历期最短,分别为29.91 d和31.63 d,两者之间无显著差异,但显著低于取食核桃和扁桃的印度谷螟的发育历期;取食葡萄干的印度谷螟蛹最重,世代存活率最高,分别为17.9 mg/头和39.54%,显著高于取食红枣、核桃、扁桃、杏脯的蛹重和世代存活率;食料对印度谷螟淀粉酶、脂肪酶、总蛋白酶、胰蛋白酶活性有显著影响。综上,供试食料中葡萄干对印度谷螟的生长发育有促进作用,为印度谷螟的最适食料,其次为红枣、核桃、扁桃和杏脯。印度谷螟幼虫通过调节消化酶活性来平衡对食物中营养物质的摄取。The effects of five kinds of dried fruits,including red date,raisin,preserved apricot,walnut,and almond,on the growth,development,and digestive enzyme activities of Plodia interpunctella were studied.The results were as follows:dried fruits significantly influenced the oviposition selectivity of P.interpunctella.The egg-laying proportion and amount of P.interpunctella on raisins were the highest,which were 49.17%and 181.20 eggs,respectively,significantly higher than that on other dried fruits.The egg-laying proportion and amount on preserved apricots were 24.23%and 89.20 eggs,respectively.Dried fruits also significantly impacted the development of P.interpunctella.The shortest developmental periods of P.interpunctella larvae were observed when feeding on preserved apricots and raisins,which were 29.91 days and 31.63 days,respectively,showing no significant difference between them,but significantly shorter than those of P.interpunctella feeding on walnuts and almonds.The pupae weight of P.interpunctella feeding on raisins was the heaviest,and the generation survival rate was the highest(17.9 mg/individual and 39.54%,respectively),significantly higher than those feeding on red dates,walnuts,almonds,and preserved apricots.Dried fruits significantly influenced the activities of amylase,lipase,total protease,and trypsin.In conclusion,raisins were the most suitable host for P.interpunctella,followed by red dates,walnuts,almonds,and preserved apricots.P.interpunctella larvae balance the uptake of nutrients from food by regulating digestive enzyme activity.

关 键 词：印度谷螟 干果 发育 消化酶 

分 类 号：S379.5[农业科学—农产品加工]