认知卸载和项目难度对元认知监控的影响  

Effects of Cognitive Offloading and Item Difficulty on Metacognitive Monitoring

作　　者：方伊睿 姚静静[2] Yirui Fang;Jingjing Yao(Cixi Shiyan Primary School,Ningbo,Zhejiang,315300,China;School of Psychology,Zhejiang Normal University,Jinhua,Zhejiang,321004,China)

机构地区：[1]慈溪市实验小学教育集团,浙江宁波315300 [2]浙江师范大学心理学院,浙江金华321004

出　　处：《教育研究前沿（中英文版）》2024年第3期23-30,共8页Education Research Frontier

摘　　要：信息时代下个体认知负荷重,“认知卸载”策略成为了一种良好的辅助信息处理方式。已有研究表明,元认知在卸载决策中作用显著,但反作用机制尚待探索。在此基础上,本研究探讨了大学生词对学习中认知卸载对元认知监控的影响,并将项目难度因素纳入考量。实验结果发现:认知卸载会导致个体高估自己的记忆能力,引发过度自信,并削弱元认知监测的准确性,且难度增加时削弱更明显;此外,认知卸载对元认知控制也会产生影响,卸载条件下被试的自定步调学习时间明显减少,随着学习项目难度的增加,卸载组和非卸载组间的差异愈发显著。本研究揭示了认知卸载在不同难度下对元认知监控的作用机制,有助于优化个体的学习策略,为教育实践提供科学依据。In the information age,individual’s cognitive load is heavy,and the strategy of‘Cognitive Offloading’has become a good way to assist information processing.It has been shown that metacognition plays a significant role in offloading decisions,but the mechanisms of counteraction are yet to be explored.This study investigated the effects of cognitive offloading on metacognitive monitoring in word pair learning of university students,taking the item difficulty into account.The experimental results showed that cognitive offloading can lead to overestimation of one's own memory ability,which triggers overconfidence and weakens the accuracy of metacognitive monitoring,and the weakening is more pronounced when the item difficulty increases.In addition,cognitive offloading also has an effect on metacognitive control.With subjects'self-paced learning time significantly decreasing in the offloading condition,the difference between the offloaded and non-offloaded groups becoming more pronounced as the difficulty increased.This study reveals the mechanism of cognitive offloading on metacognitive monitor and control under different levels of difficulty,which can help optimize individual learning strategies and provide a scientific basis for educational practice.

关 键 词：认知卸载 元认知监控 项目难度 大学生 

分 类 号：G63[文化科学—教育学]