风切变下评价方法对高速列车振动舒适性评价结果的影响  

Effect of evaluation methods on vibration comfort evaluation results of high-speed trains under wind shear

作　　者：刘东润 李田[1,2,3] 钟睦[1,2,3] 鲁寨军 LIU Dongrun;LI Tian;ZHONG Mu;LU Zhaijun(Key Laboratory of Traffic Safety on Track,Ministry of Education,School of Traffic and Transportation Engineering,Central South University,Changsha 410075,China;Joint International Research Laboratory of Key Technology for Rail Traffic Safety,School of Traffic and Transportation Engineering,Central South University,Changsha 410075,China;National&Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Safety Technology for Rail Vehicle,School of Traffic and Transportation Engineering,Central South University,Changsha 410075,China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学交通运输工程学院轨道交通安全教育部重点实验室,湖南长沙410075 [2]中南大学轨道交通安全关键技术国际合作联合实验室,湖南长沙410075 [3]中南大学轨道交通列车安全保障技术国家地方联合工程研究中心,湖南长沙410075

出　　处：《铁道科学与工程学报》2024年第9期3493-3506,共14页Journal of Railway Science and Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFB4300304);国家自然科学基金资助项目(52302447,52388102)。

摘　　要：科学合理地评价乘坐舒适性对于风区高速列车运行性能的提升至关重要。针对在大风专项试验中发现的新问题,既有平稳性指标在风切变下的评价结果,与司乘人员实际感受差异巨大,表明现有舒适性指标在风切变下的应用存在局限开展研究。首先,对既有不同振动舒适性评价方法Sperling指标、ISO-2631、EN-12999、UIC-513、以及GB-5599等进行了系统梳理和评估差异的理论分析;其次,结合不同评价方法要求,通过多体动力学方法和人体动力学参数模型,建立了可一体描述车体与人体动力学影响的六自由度列车—座椅—人体耦合模型;在此基础上,进一步将风切变下实测列车气动载荷作为输入激励,分析了真实气动载荷作用下现有舒适性指标评估流程、频率加权曲线等对评价结果的影响,揭示了评价结果产生差异的原因;最后,基于既有振动舒适性评价方法,对风切变下高速列车振动舒适性的评价从指标参数、测点位置以及评价过程3个方面进行了建议和补充。研究结果表明:由于频率加权曲线和对各个方向振动的考虑形式不同,导致不同评价方法对人体敏感频率的侧重和振动形式的权重存在差异;建议风切变下振动舒适的评价方法将侧滚角速度和角加速度纳入并增加相应测点位置,同时旋转振动幅值可对转动舒适性进行评价,能在一定程度上反映出风切变下转动振动对振动舒适性的影响。Scientific and reasonable evaluation of ride comfort is crucial to improving the operating performance of high-speed trains in windy areas.This study was conducted to address new issues discovered in special tests under strong winds.There was a significant difference between the evaluation results of existing stability indicators and the actual feelings of drivers and passengers under wind shear,indicating that there are limitations in the application of existing comfort indicators.First,the existing different vibration comfort evaluation methods such as the Sperling index,ISO-2631,EN-12999,UIC-513,and GB-5599 were systematically sorted out and theoretically compared to evaluate the differences.Secondly,combined with the requirements of different evaluation methods,six-degree-of-freedom train-seat-human body coupling model was established through the multi-body dynamics method and the human body dynamics parameter model,which can integrally describe the influence of the car body and human body dynamics.On this basis,the measured train aerodynamic load under wind shear was further used as input excitation,and the impact of the existing comfort index evaluation process and frequency weighting curve on the evaluation results under the action of the real aerodynamic load was analyzed,revealing the reasons for differences in the evaluation results.Finally,based on the existing vibration comfort evaluation methods,suggestions and supplements are made for the evaluation of vibration comfort of high-speed trains under wind shear from three aspects:index parameters,measurement point locations,and evaluation process.The results show that due to the different frequency weighting curves and different forms of consideration of vibration in various directions,different evaluation methods have differences in the emphasis on human body-sensitive frequencies and the weight of vibration forms.It is recommended that the evaluation method of vibration comfort under wind shear include roll angular velocity and angular acceleration an

关 键 词：高速列车 风切变 舒适性 评价方法 标准 

分 类 号：U270.33[机械工程—车辆工程]