淀粉类餐厨垃圾化学转化制备高值化学品  

Production of high-value chemicals from starch food waste by chemical conversions

作　　者：张璇[1] 李克明 黄志濠 黄耀兵 杨世关[1] 李继红[1] 王体朋[1] ZHANG Xuan;LI Keming;HUANG Zhihao;HUANG Yaobing;YANG Shiguan;LI Jihong;WANG Tipeng(National Engineering Research Center of New Energy Power Generation,School of New Energy,North China Electric Power University,Beijing 102206,China)

机构地区：[1]华北电力大学新能源学院国家新能源发电工程技术研究中心,北京102206

出　　处：《燃料化学学报（中英文）》2024年第10期1538-1546,共9页Journal of Fuel Chemistry and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52276189,51821004)资助。

摘　　要：餐厨垃圾是城市垃圾的主要组成部分,同时具有危害性与资源性双重属性。工业化餐厨垃圾处理方法主要以填埋、焚烧发电和厌氧发酵为主,高值化利用方法和技术仍然欠缺,严重制约了餐厨垃圾的资源化发展。本工作首先介绍了淀粉类餐厨垃圾的特性、现有处理技术及预处理方法,并对当前技术手段的优劣进行阐述。最后,介绍了淀粉类餐厨垃圾制备葡萄糖、5-羟甲基糠醛、乙酰丙酸(酯)、γ-戊内酯和乳酸(酯)等高附加值化学品的方法和反应机理,归纳并总结了化学法催化淀粉类餐厨垃圾转化制备高附加值化学品依旧存在的问题与不足。尽管如此,化学转化法是实现淀粉类餐厨垃圾绿色、资源化利用的有效手段之一。With the acceleration of industrialization and urbanization,living standards in China have risen significantly,leading to substantial changes in consumption patterns.Consequently,the scale of the catering market has expanded annually,resulting in a corresponding increase in urban kitchen waste.Kitchen waste,the primary component of municipal waste,possesses both harmful and resource-rich properties.Traditional food waste treatment methods,such as incineration,landfill,and anaerobic fermentation,are extensive in scale,however,they may also suffer from several issues,e.g.secondary environmental pollution,low resource utilization rates,limited value-added outcomes.Advanced methods and technologies for high-value utilization are under development,severely restricting the utilization of food waste.The harmless and resourceful utilization of food waste will become a new trend in the future.Starch is the main component of kitchen waste,such as flour food,rice and potatoes.Thus,the development of chemical conversion methods to convert starch-rich waste is urgent.In this paper,the characteristics,existing treatment technologies and pretreatment methods of starch food waste are systematically introduced.The composition of kitchen waste is complex,including common components such as starch,oil,protein,and fiber,as well as potential impurities like plastics and metals.To achieve high-value conversion of starch-rich food waste,it is crucial to arrange appropriate pre-sorting,pre-processing,and other pretreatment processes based on the specific characteristics of different food waste sources and subsequent conversion requirements.The resource utilization technology for starch-based food waste is primarily categorized into three types:non-biological treatment,biological treatment,and chemical treatment.These technologies convert starch food waste into various products,enabling the diversified utilization of food waste.Then,the catalytic system for the conversion different starch food wastes to chemicals such as glucose,5-hydrox

关 键 词：淀粉 餐厨垃圾 生物质 有机化合物 

分 类 号：TK6[动力工程及工程热物理—生物能]