南亚留学生汉语介词习得的类型学研究  

A typological study of Chinese preposition acquisition by South Asian students

作　　者：霍兴宇 李诗卿 吴洲欣 祁峰 HUO Xingyu;LI Shiqing;WU Zhouxin;QI Feng

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学国际汉语文化学院/全球中文发展研究中心 [2]北京师范大学文学院

出　　处：《世界汉语教学》2024年第4期561-574,共14页Chinese Teaching in the World

基　　金：教育部中外语言交流合作中心2020年度国际中文教育重点项目“一带一路沿线国家留学生中介语语料库建设与应用”阶段性成果。

摘　　要：本文基于语言类型学,针对南亚留学生汉语介词习得的类型学倾向,提出四项假设,并结合中介语语料库和问卷调查对习得的实际情况进行细致分析。研究结果表明,假设一、假设三与南亚留学生汉语介词习得的实际情况相吻合,而假设二与假设四则未能得到验证。此外,我们还发现,日、韩、蒙等其他OV型母语背景的留学生在汉语介词习得方面表现出相似的倾向,这进一步印证了语言类型学在预测汉语习得倾向方面的有效性,凸显了同类母语类型留学生在习得过程中的内部一致性。我们认为习得偏误的偏移现象主要受到语义不对称性以及联系项居中原则等多重因素的影响。Based on the theoretical perspective of linguistic typology,this paper pro-poses four hypotheses on the typological tendency of Chinese preposition acquisition by South Asian students and analyzes the actual situation of acquisition in detail by combining the interlanguage corpus with a questionnaire survey.The results indicate that hypotheses 1 and 3 agree with the prediction of language typology,while hypotheses 2 and 4 fail to be verified.In addition,we find that foreign students from OV native language backgrounds,such as Japanese,Korean,and Mongolian,show similar tendencies in Chinese preposition acquisition,which further confirms the validity of language typology in predicting Chinese acquisition tendency,and highlights the internal consistency in the acquisition process of students of the same native language type.Meanwhile,the deviated tendencies as seen in students'acquisition errors can be attributed to multiple factors,mainly including semantic asymmetry and the relator principle.

关 键 词：汉语介词 二语习得 类型学 南亚留学生 国际中文教育 

分 类 号：H195[语言文字—汉语]