幼儿园职前教师教育实践取向的意蕴、偏失及匡正  

The Implications,Biases,and Corrections of the Practice Orientation of Pre-service Kindergarten Teacher Education

作　　者：张晋 ZHANG Jin(School of Education,Suzhou University of Science and Technology,Suzhou,Jiangsu,215009,China)

机构地区：[1]苏州科技大学教育学院,江苏苏州215009

出　　处：《教育与教学研究》2024年第10期75-85,共11页Education and Teaching Research

基　　金：江苏省教育科学“十四五”规划重点课题“资源配置效率优化视域下江苏托幼一体化服务推进机制研究”(编号:B/2023/04/05)。

摘　　要：实践取向为促使幼儿园职前教师教育科学发展指明了方向。幼儿园职前教师教育实践取向是指在培养德智体美劳全面发展的社会主义建设者和接班人的背景下,学前教育师范生培养院校与协同培养者坚持依托校园物质环境与精神环境,从发现与解决保教实践问题出发,通过“实践—反思—再实践—再反思”循环过程促使学前教育师范生体验生命与实践意义、养成保教实践意识与规范意识以及形成保教能力与智慧的行为倾向。实践取向并非对理论取向、能力取向的简单抛弃,而是强调知识能力、行为规范与意义体验的有机融合。然而,幼儿园职前教师教育实践取向在落实中却存在着技艺性偏重、规范性缺位与意义性虚无的问题,严重影响幼儿园师资培养质量与学前教育高质量发展。鉴于此,文章提出从转向实践取向本身、回溯师范本源与秉持交往理性角度寻找落实幼儿园职前教师教育实践取向的合理路径。Practice orientation points out the direction for promoting the scientific development of pre-service kindergarten teacher education.Practice orientation of pre-service kindergarten teacher education refers to the process of cultivating the experiencing the significance of life and practice,developing the practical consciousness and norms of nursing and teaching and forming the practical abilities and wisdom of nursing and teaching through the cycle of practice,reflection,re-practice and re-reflection under the background of cultivating socialist builders and successors with all-round development of morality,intelligence,physique,beauty and labor,relying on the physical and spiritual environment of the campus which created by the pre-school teacher training institutions and co-trainers and starting from finding and solving practical problems of nursing and teaching.Practice orientation is not a simple abandonment of theoretical orientation and ability orientation,but an organic integration of knowledge and ability,behavior norms and experience of meaning.However,in the implementation of practice orientation of pre-service kindergarten teacher education,there are some problems such as the emphasis on skills,the absence of standardization and the nothingness of meaning,which seriously affect the quality of kindergarten teacher training and the high-quality development of preschool education.In view of this,this study proposes to find a reasonable way to implement the practice orientation of pre-service kindergarten teacher education from the perspective of turning to the practice orientation itself,recalling the origin of teachers′education and adhering to the communicative rationality.

关 键 词：幼儿园 职前教师教育 实践取向 

分 类 号：G610[文化科学—学前教育学]