曾子的诗性品质与思想价值  

Poetic Qualities and Ideological Values of Zengzi

作　　者：许春华[1] XU Chunhua(School of Philosophy and Sociology,Hebei University,Baoding 071000,China)

机构地区：[1]河北大学哲学与社会学学院,河北保定071000

出　　处：《燕山大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2024年第5期1-8,共8页Journal of Yanshan University:Philosophy and Social Science

基　　金：河北省社科基金项目“生命哲学视域下老子德性思想及其现代意义研究”(HB18ZX003)。

摘　　要：《论语》原典中的曾子,在孔门儒学的思想创造活动中,大量运用孔门诗教的兴发方式。如引用诗文唤起弟子对“孝道”的认可,以“近”“远”空间修辞启发君子之道,以“弘”彰显践仁的“任重而道远”,以“堂堂乎”意象子张的仁者气象,以“自致”表达不能自已的真情实感,以“哀矜”悲悯之情告诫弟子为官之道,以“慎终”“追远”厚植“民德”,以“友”呼应和引发人格典范。其中“问”“省”“唯”“鲁”是曾子诗性品质的思想标识,“问”,即引发仁学精神的本然状态;“省”,是对儒学信念的反省能力;“唯”,蕴涵着对仁学精神的内在体认;“鲁”,体现出对仁学精神的坚信笃行。曾子的这种诗性品质和对仁学精神的反省与体悟能力,不仅使曾子的“忠恕”“孝道”“慎独”等思想学说,获得了一种诗性品质,同时也突出了孔门诗教兴发方式在孔门儒学创造活动中的思想价值,这是曾子对孔门诗教的重要贡献。Zengzi,as depicted in the original text of the Analects,extensively employed the inspirational methods of Confucian poetry teaching in the ideological creation activities of the Confucian school.For instance,he invoked poetry to evoke disciples’recognition of the filial piety,used spatial rhetoric of“near”and“far”to enlighten the way of the gentleman,employed“hong”to highlight the“heavy responsibility and long road”in practicing benevolence,and utilized the image of“tangtanghu”to depict the demeanor of a benevolent person like Zizhang.He expressed genuine emotions that could not be restrained with“zizhi”,warned his disciples of the path to becoming an official with a compassionate attitude using“aijin”,and nurtured“the virtue of the people”with“shenzhong”and“zhuiyuan”.The term“friend”was used to echo and trigger exemplary personalities.Among these,“wen”,“xing”,“wei”,and“lu”are ideological symbols of Zengzi’s poetic qualities.“Wen”represents the natural state of initiating the spirit of benevolence;“xing”reflects the ability to introspect Confucian beliefs;“wei”contains the inner recognition of the spirit of benevolence;“lu”demonstrates the firm belief and practice in the spirit of benevolence.Zengzi’s poetic qualities and his reflective and perceptual abilities towards the spirit of benevolence not only endowed his doctrines of“loyalty and forgiveness”,“filial piety”,and“caution in solitude”with poetic qualities but also highlighted the ideological value of the Confucian poetry teaching method in the creative activities of Confucianism.This represents Zengzi’s significant contribution to Confucian poetry teaching.

关 键 词：曾子 诗性品质 孔门诗教 思想价值 

分 类 号：B222[哲学宗教—中国哲学]