积极心理学视角下空巢慢性病共病老年人心理调适的体验  

Experience of home dwelling empty-nested older patients adjusting to Multiple Chronic Conditions from the perspective of positive psychology

作　　者：孙柳[1] 陈少华 王莹 王艳玲[1] 王凌云[4] 梁嘉贵 刘均娥[1] SUN Liu;CHEN Shaohua;WANG Ying;WANG Yanling;WANG Lingyun;LIANG Jiagui;LIU Jun'e(School of Nursing,Capital Medical University,Beijing,100069,China)

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学护理学院,北京市100069 [2]福建医科大学护理学院 [3]中国人民大学国家发展与战略研究院 [4]北京市西城区德胜社区卫生服务中心

出　　处：《中国护理管理》2024年第9期1314-1318,共5页Chinese Nursing Management

基　　金：2023年度北京市社会科学基金项目(23RB007)。

摘　　要：目的:探讨居家空巢老年人慢性病共病心理调适的体验,以期更好地提升老年人应对共病的能力。方法:采用描述性质性研究方法,对15名空巢慢性病共病老年人进行半结构化深度访谈,使用Braun和Clarke的主题分析法进行资料分析。结果:基于积极心理学PERMA理论,形成5个主题:展现积极情绪,具有积极心理资本;投入生活,主动调适;获得家庭和社会支持,保持较好人际关系;寻找自我意义,实现自我价值;获得成就,达到积极生活状态。结论:医护人员在老年人共病管理时,需要重视其积极心理资本的开发,调动其主动调适的能力和采取适合的调适策略,重视社会支持提供,鼓励寻找自我意义,最终达到积极生活的状态。Objective:To evaluate the application effects of the 5A nursing model in patients undergoing ambulatory total hip and knee replacement surgery,and to provide a reference for optimizing the pre-hospital management of patients undergoing day surgery.Methods:A total of 296 patients who underwent ambulatory surgery on total hip and knee joints replacement from June to November,2023 in a general tertiary grade A hospital of Zhejiang province were grouped into control group and observation group based on the admission time.The control group received the routine management process,and the observation group set up the 5A nursing model on the basis of the routine management process.The preoperative anxiety,cancellation rate of same-day operation,hospitalization cancellation rate,the missing items rate of preoperative examination,patients'satisfaction were compared between the two groups.Results:The relief of anxiety in the observation group was better than that in control group(P<0.05).There were no significant difference in cancellation rate of same-day operation,hospitalization cancellation rate,the missing items rate of preoperative examination between the two groups(P>0.05).The average satisfaction score of the observation group was higher than that of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:Pre-hospital management by applying the 5A nursing model can reduce the preoperative anxiety and improve the satisfaction of patients with total hip and knee replacement ambulatory surgery.

关 键 词：空巢老年人 慢性病共病 心理调适 主题分析法 积极心理学 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学] R197[医药卫生—临床医学]