汉语处所主语构式的英译及其语义动因探析——以《红楼梦》霍译本为例  

On the English Translation of the Chinese Locative Subject Constructions and Their Semantic Motivation--Taking Hawkes'Translation of The Story of the Stone as an Example

作　　者：王文斌[1] 齐春平 WANG Wen-bin;QI Chun-ping

机构地区：[1]北京外国语大学,北京100089 [2]北京联合大学,北京100101

出　　处：《上海翻译（中英文）》2024年第5期55-62,F0003,共9页Shanghai Journal of Translators

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目“新发展阶段中国外语教育自主知识体系创新研究”(编号:22JJD740011);北京外国语大学北京高校高精尖学科“外语教育学”建设项目。

摘　　要：对汉语处所主语构式的英译研究,学界大多仅列举对应的英语结构,尚未探析选择不同英译结构的语义动因。鉴于此,本文审视汉语处所主语构式英译时呈现的主要结构及其频数和占比,旨在分析选择不同英译对应结构的语义动因。本文从《红楼梦》前八十回穷尽式地搜集了746句汉语处所主语构式,提取霍克斯英译本中的对应句,以此为语料开展相关考察。文章发现,汉语处所主语构式的英译主要呈现8种基本结构,其中存在实体主语构式占比最高,达30.0%,而there-构式仅占11.4%。译者之所以选择不同的英译结构,其语义动因不仅受制于英语结构的语义,还取决于汉语源文的语义。This article aims to examine the main English corresponding structures,their frequency and percentage when translating CLSC into English and analyze their semantic motivations for selecting different constructions of English translation.746 CLSC were exhaustively collected from the first eighty chapters of the Chinese classical novel The Story of the Stone,and their corresponding sentences from Hawkes'English translation were extracted to serve as the corpus.It is found that there are eight basic constructions in the English translation of CLSC,with"the existential entity subject construction"having the highest proportion of 30.0%,while"the there-construction"only accounts for 11.4%.The choice of different English translation constructions is semantically not merely motivated by the meaning of the English constructions,but also by the original meaning of CLSC.

关 键 词：汉语处所主语构式 对应结构 汉译英 语义动因 

分 类 号：H059[语言文字—语言学]