《老子》的内在分歧——以第67至81章为中心  

Divergences within the Laozi:A Study of Chapters 67~81

作　　者：方岚生(撰) 俞风(译) 陈龙(译) Franklin Perkins

机构地区：[1]美国夏威夷大学哲学系 [2]《东西方哲学》 [3]中国人民大学哲学院,北京100872 [4]中国社会科学院大学文学院,北京102488

出　　处：《文史哲》2024年第5期122-135,167,共15页Literature,History,and Philosophy

摘　　要：众所周知,郭店出土的三组竹简包含了《老子》的文本,但其中未见传世本《老子》后十五章的内容。详细考察《老子》后十五章,会发现它们阐明了一种与郭店竹简材料迥异甚至相反的融贯哲学立场。后十五章的基础在于“恒与善人”的人格天,《老子》其余诸章明确拒绝了这种观念。后十五章推崇使用惩罚,而无意于质疑语言或道德范畴,也不关注自我修养的内在实践。蕴含在《老子》后十五章中的背景性论证对于诠解《老子》,尤其是对于区分所谓的“宗教性”读解与“哲学性”读解具有重要意义。It is well known that the three bundles of bamboo strips found at Guodian containing versions of materials found in the Laozi included no passages from the last fifteen chapters of the received text.This paper consists of a careful examination of those final fifteen chapters,arguing that they articulate a coherent philosophical position fundamentally different from and even opposed to that of the Guodian materials.The foundation of the last fifteen chapters is an anthropomorphic conception of Heaven that supports the good,a view explicitly rejected in the rest of the Laozi.These last fifteen chapters support the use of punishments,show no awareness of skepticism about language or moralizing categories,and they have no concern with internal practices of self-cultivation.The paper concludes with some reflections on the background of the last fifteen chapters and on the significance of this argument for interpreting the Laozi,particularly the split between so-called“religious”and“philosophical”readings.

关 键 词：老子 郭店 马王堆 

分 类 号：B223.1[哲学宗教—中国哲学]