2016-2020年天津市滨海新区大港辖区食源性疾病监测数据分析报告  

Analysis report on foodborne disease surveillance data in Dagang District,Binhai New Area,Tianjin from 2016 to 2020

作　　者：赵春蕾 Zhao Chunlei(Tianjin Binhai New Area Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Tianjin 300458,China)

机构地区：[1]天津市滨海新区疾病预防控制中心,天津300458

出　　处：《首都食品与医药》2024年第19期107-111,共5页Capital Food Medicine

摘　　要：目的了解天津市滨海新区食源性疾病流行病学状况及病原体感染情况,为制定针对性的预防措施提供科学依据。方法收集2016-2020年在天津市滨海新区大港辖区14家医疗单位符合病例定义的患者基本信息,采集生物学样本进行特定病原体检测。采用Excel 2013软件对数据进行整理,SPSS22.0软件进行统计学分析,使用卡方检验进行比较分析,检验水准α=0.05。结果①2016-2020年滨海新区大港监测医疗机构共计报告食源性疾病病例3767例,其中,1-12月食源性疾病报告呈现明显的季节性分布,夏季高发,冬春季低发;近五年食源性疾病监测报告中男性1947例,女性1820例,男女性别比为1.07∶1,男性略高于女性;其中干部职员报告发病数最多,为692例,占全部报告病例的18.37%;②可疑暴露食品:水产动物及其制品最多,为720例,占报告病例的19.13%;可疑暴露食品加工及包装方式中餐饮服务业最多,为1183例,占报告病例的31.43%;可疑暴露食品进食或购买场所中零售/农贸市场最多,为1229例,占报告病例的32.65%;③病原学检测:2016-2020年大港医院合计监测报告食源性疾病病例2442例,其中681例采集粪便标本用于实验室检测,采样率为27.89%,共检出阳性菌株49份,阳性率7.20%(49/681),其中以沙门氏菌和副溶血弧菌检出最高;④临床症状:3767例报告病例中,以消化系统症状为主,有症状者3762例,占比99.87%,主要表现为腹泻(94.66%)、腹痛(51.87%);其次为全身症状,有症状者1161例,占比30.82%。结论根据食源性疾病监测数据分析,建议在食源性疾病高发的夏季加强食品安全知识宣传。同时对餐饮服务业尤其是烧烤类、街边流动摊位和农贸市场等熟食零售摊位加强管理,还应对新生儿父母加强新生儿食品安全、健康饮食习惯宣传教育。提高大港辖区食源性疾病监测水平,降低大港辖区食源性疾病发病率。Objective To understand the epidemiology and pathogen infection of foodborne diseases in Binhai New Area of Tianjin,and to provide scientific evidence for developing the specific precaution.Methods From 2016 to 2020,the general information and biological samples for the specific pathogen detection of patients who met the criteria were collected from 14 medical units in Dagang District,Binhai New Area,Tianjin.Excel 2013 software was used to sort out the data.SPSS22.0 software was used for statistical analysis,and chi-square test was used for group comparison at significant levelα=0.05.Results①A total of 3767 cases of foodborne diseases were reported by Dagang monitoring medical institutions in Binhai New Area from 2016 to 2020,of which,the reports of foodborne diseases from January to December showed a significant seasonal distribution,with high incidence in summer and low incidence in winter and spring;in the surveillance report of foodborne diseases in recent five years,there were 1947 males and 1820 females.The ratio in male and female was 1.07∶1,with males slightly higher than females;the number of cases reported by officials and staff was the largest,692 cases,accounting for 18.37%of all reported cases;②Suspiciously exposed food:among all the types of food suspected of exposure,aquatic animals and their products were the majority,with 720 cases,accounting for 19.13%of the reported cases.Regarding the processing and packaging methods of food suspected of exposure,catering services were the most,with 1183 cases,accounting for 31.43%of the reported cases.of the eaten or purchased places where food suspected,retail/farmers’markets were the most,with 1229 cases,accounting for 32.65%of the reported cases;③Etiological detection:from 2016 to 2020,Dagang Hospital reported 2442 cases of foodborne diseases,681 of which collected stool samples for laboratory testing.The sampling rate was 27.89%.A total of 49 positive strains were detected,with a positive rate of 7.20%(49/681),of which salmonella and vibrio par

关 键 词：食源性疾病 主动监测 感染性腹泻 

分 类 号：R155[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]