基于二次规划的铁路轨道精调算法研究  

Research on Railway Track Fine Adjustment Algorithm Based on Quadratic Programming

作　　者：杨双旗 梁永 楼梁伟 YANG shuangqi;LIANG yong;LOU liangwei(China Railway Design Corporation,Tianjin 300308,China;Tianjin Key Laboratory of Rail Transit Navigation Positioning and Spatio-temporal Big Data Technology,Tianjin 300308,China;China Academy of Railway Sciences,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中国铁路设计集团有限公司,天津300308 [2]天津市轨道交通导航定位及时空大数据技术重点实验室,天津300308 [3]中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司,北京100081

出　　处：《铁道勘察》2024年第5期96-100,136,共6页Railway Investigation and Surveying

基　　金：中国国家铁路集团有限公司科技研究开发计划重点课题(N2021G048)。

摘　　要：为了保证铁路运行的高平顺性,需要定期对轨道进行检测,并依据测量数据出具精调方案进行维修。其中,如何根据轨道偏差自动计算出满足施工条件(如调整限制、桥梁偏心、隧道净空等)的精调方案是轨道维修中的一个难点问题。为了解决该问题,通过将精调方案优化问题转为二次规划模型,并根据实际工况设置相应的优化参数,以实现精调方案的自动优化。根据轨道不平顺的定义,优化后的轨道偏差在里程方向上将是一个足够平滑的曲线,可将优化后的偏差量及其一阶、二阶、三阶变化率作为优化目标并给予不同的权重,并将施工限制条件转换为优化后偏差量的上下限,可实现顾及约束限制条件的轨道精调算法。与传统基于三次样条曲线拟合的方法相比,该方法避免样条节点的选择,且能够顾及施工限制条件,提高了优化的效率。在某铁路线路大机捣固作业中,利用所提方法进行自动优化作业,实际应用后轨道动态TQI平均下降28%,验证了该方法的正确性和可行性。In order to ensure the high smoothness of railway operation,it is necessary to test the track irregularity and issue a fine-tuning program for maintenance based on the measurement data.Among them,a way to automatically calculate the fine-tuning scheme according to the track deviation to meet the construction conditions(e.g.adjustment limit,bridge eccentricity,tunnel clearance,etc.)is a difficult problem in track maintenance.In order to solve these problems,the fine-tuning scheme optimization problem was transformed into a quadratic programming model and the corresponding optimization parameters were set according to the actual working conditions in order to realize the automatic optimization.According to the definition of track irregularity,the optimized track deviation was a sufficiently smooth curve in the mileage direction,and the optimized deviation amount and its first-order,second-order and third-order change rates were taken as the optimization objective and given different weights,and the construction constraints were converted into the upper and lower limits of the optimized deviation amount,so that the track fine-tuning algorithm taking into account the constraints and limitations were realized.Compared with the traditional method based on cubic spline curve fitting,this method avoids the selection of spline nodes and can take into account the construction constraints,which improves the efficiency of optimization.In a railway line large machine tamping operation,the proposed method is used for automatic optimization operation,and the dynamic TQI of the track decreases by 28%on average after practical application,which verifies the correctness and feasibility of the method.

关 键 词：铁路轨道 轨道精调 轨道偏差 二次规划 样条曲线 

分 类 号：U213.2[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程] P258[天文地球—测绘科学与技术]