高中化学新教科书中技术内容的编排分析与比较——工业合成氨  

Arrangement Analysis and Comparison on Technological Content of“Industrial Synthetic Ammonia”in New Senior High School Chemistry Textbooks

作　　者：陈曦 耿淑玲[1] 刘思佳 CHEN Xi;GENG Shu-Ling;LIU Si-Jia(College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Hunan Normal University,Changsha 410081,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南师范大学化学化工学院,湖南长沙410081

出　　处：《化学教育（中英文）》2024年第19期10-17,共8页Chinese Journal of Chemical Education

摘　　要：“工业合成氨”是教科书中典型的技术内容。从纵向和横向2个维度对人教版、鲁科版和苏教版等高中化学新教科书中的“工业合成氨”进行分析与比较。通过纵向分析发现,3版教科书由必修阶段注重简单、真实的感性认识过渡到选择性必修阶段注重培养复杂、严谨的理性判断能力,体现学习进阶过程。通过内容分布、图像表征、栏目设置等3个方面的横向比较发现,3版教科书均以技术知识为主,苏教版中的技术内容较为简要;人教版图像表征较好;鲁科版栏目设置数量多且广泛。基于以上研究结论,建议教科书编写:丰富技术内容,体现技术发展历程;优化图像选择,促进有意义理解。建议教学:遵循编写顺序,注重技术内容的延展;重视工业流程图,渗透思维方法。“Industrial synthetic ammonia”is a typical technological content in textbooks.The technological content of“industrial synthetic ammonia”in the new senior high school chemistry textbooks of People’s Education Press,Jiangsu Phoenix Education Press,and Shandong Science and Technology Press was analyzed and compared from both longitudinal and horizontal aspects.Through longitudinal analysis,it is found that the three editions of the textbooks transition from the compulsory phase focusing on simple and real perceptual knowledge to the selective compulsory phase focusing on cultivating complex and rigorous rational judgment ability,reflecting the advanced learning process.Through the horizontal comparison of content distribution,graph representation and column setting,it is found that the three textbooks are mainly technological knowledge,and the technological content of Jiangsu Phoenix Education Press is relatively brief.The graph representation of People’s Education Press is better.The column of Shandong Science and Technology Press has a large number and a wide range.Based on the above research conclusions,it is suggested that textbooks should be compiled to enrich the technological content and reflect the technological development course;optimize graph selection to promote meaningful understanding.It is advisable for teaching to follow the order of arrangement,and pay attention to the extension of technological content;attach importance to industrial flow diagrams,and penetrate thinking methods.

关 键 词：技术内容 高中化学新教科书 编排分析 工业合成氨 

分 类 号：G633.8[文化科学—教育学]