王夫之对老子思想的批判及其意义  

On Wang Fuzhi’s Critique of Laozi and Its Contemporary Significance

作　　者：黄红兵 HUANG Hongbing(Collegeof Humanities,Shaanxi University of Technology,Hanzhong 723000,Shaanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西理工大学人文学院,陕西汉中723000

出　　处：《安康学院学报》2024年第5期51-58,共8页Journal of Ankang University

基　　金：陕西省社会科学基金项目“《大乘法苑义林章》及《抉择记》点校”(2020GJ003);陕西理工大学校级项目“课程思政视域下中国优秀传统文化的传承与发展:基于历史学专业角度的探究”(KCSZ2320);陕西理工大学人文学院2024年本科教改项目“中国传统哲学在大学生安全及生命教育中的作用及实践路径研究”。

摘　　要：王夫之对老子思想总体上持批判态度,这主要体现在紧密相联的两个方面。一是老子的哲学观。王夫之认为老子哲学的致命缺点在于道与物的分离,其次老子的动极必返及道用其弱这二者有其局限性。二是老子的社会观。老子的无为而治,实际上是无所事事而待物自成,它抛弃了儒家的仁义礼乐,是毫无社会责任感的冷漠与自私。不仅如此,老子在处世中,多有“机诈”之心。王夫之力图还原老子思想的本来面目,对其优缺点作了较客观的分析,尤其是对老子思想缺点的认识,在老学史上最为深刻和系统,对其批判也最为彻底,这对于明末清初学术思想由空谈心性命理向经世致用方向转变有重要意义。Wang Fuzhi had a critical attitude towards Laozi in general,which was mainly embodied in two aspects of close connection.One was laozi’s philosophical view.The fatal shortcoming of laozi’s philosophy was the separation of Tao and the object,and the second is that laozi’s movement must return when it reached the pole and the tao used its weakness,There are limits to both.Two was laozi’s view of society.The laozi inaction,actually was nothing to do but wait It's done by itself,it abandoned the Confucian benevolence and class level,there was no sense of social responsibility indifferent and selfish,not only such,laozi in life,there were many“insidious”.Wang Fuzhi tried to restore the origin of Lao Tzu’s thought and made a more objective analysis of its advantages and disadvantages,especially the understanding of the shortcomings of Lao Tzu,which was the most profound and systematic in the history of the Lao Tzu research,and the most thorough criticism of it,which also changed the direction of the academic thought from the empty Mind to the pragmatism in the late Ming and the early Qing Dynasty.It was of great significance.

关 键 词：王夫之 老子 《老子衍》 批判 

分 类 号：B21[哲学宗教—中国哲学]