美国P-TECH模式下职普融通的实践模式及启示  

The Practical Models and Enlightenments of Integrating General and Vocational Education under the P-TECH Model in the USA

作　　者：段世飞 吴倩 Duan Shifei;Wu Qian(College of Education in Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学教育学院,杭州310058

出　　处：《职业技术教育》2024年第28期72-80,共9页Vocational and Technical Education

基　　金：国家社会科学基金教育学青年课题“数字时代我国高等教育虚拟国际化的机制创新与路径优化研究”(CIA230322),主持人:段世飞。

摘　　要：美国P-TECH模式在职普融通实践路径上通过融合中学、大学和职场“三位一体”教学模式,使学生具备学术知识和职业技能的双重优势。在P-TECH模式下,美国实施了全方位的职业教育职普融通实践路径,主要体现在三个方面:设置“六年一贯制”课程;采用“中学—大学—职场”三位一体教学方式;构建多元协同育人模式。我国职业教育虽然发展迅速,但是职普融通发展仍面临很大的现实困境。基于美国P-TECH模式的实践经验,我国应转变观念,从职普分流向职普融通转变;政策倾斜,由普通教育向职业教育倾斜;优化课程,由单一化课程向融通式课程过渡;多方协作,由产教分离向产教融合发展。In the practice of integrating general and vocational education,the P-TECH model in the USA adopts a"trinity"teaching approach that combines secondary school,university and workplace,enabling students to possess both academic knowledge and vocational skills.Under the P-TECH model,the United States has implemented a comprehensive approach to integrate general and vocational education in upper secondary education,which is mainly reflected in three aspects:establishing a"six-year continuous"curriculum;employing a a"middle school-university-workplace"trinity teaching method;and constructing a collaborative education model with multiple participants.Although vocational education in China has developed rapidly,the integration of general and vocational education still faces significant practical challenges.The P-TECH model in the USA,as a revolutionary vocational education model,has certain reference value for the development of integrated development of general and vocational education in China:transform mindset,shifting from division of vocational and general education to integration of vocational and general education;tilt policy,shifting from general education to vocational education;optimize the curriculum,transitioning from a single course to an integrated course;strengthen multi-party collaboration,shifting from the separation of industry and education to the integration of industry and education.

关 键 词：美国“P-TECH”模式 职普融通 职业教育 中职学校 

分 类 号：G719.712[文化科学—职业技术教育学]