从“会做事”到“去做事”:对基于技术的职业能力测评的反思及展望  

From Knowing to Being Able to Do:Reflections and Prospects on Technology-Based Vocational Competency Assessment

作　　者：刘昌龙 王新波[3] Liu Changlong;Wang Xinbo(Collge of Education,Qufu Normal University,Jining 273165,China;Jining Technician College,Jining 272000,China;Institute of Vocational education and continuing Education,China National Academy of Educational Sciences,Beijing 100088,China)

机构地区：[1]曲阜师范大学教育学院,山东济宁273165 [2]济宁市技师学院,山东济宁272000 [3]中国教育科学研究院职业教育与继续教育研究所,北京100088

出　　处：《职教论坛》2024年第10期106-113,共8页Journal of Vocational Education

基　　金：中国教育科学研究院中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资助“中国成人职业技能核心要素与测评研究”(编号:GYI2023007),主持人:王新波。

摘　　要：德国ASCOT和COMET等基于技术的职业能力测评方案达到了较高的信效度,被认为实现了“会考试等于会做事”的测评理想。该方案提高了测评自身的精确度,但在行为预测的准确度上,存在着一定的局限与偏离。职业能力测评要回到人的主体性本身,涵盖人的工具价值和内在价值两个方面。为此,除关注技能因素对被测者是否“会做事”的作用外,还要关注非技能因素对是否“去做事”的影响。技能因素和非技能因素的整合模型应该更符合未来职业能力测评的发展趋势,即“会做事+非技能因素=去做事”。为做好我国职业能力测评的改革创新,首先要深化技术赋能测评的研究与应用,迭代升级测评手段;其次要加强测评指标体系的理论研究与实践检验,优化完善测评内容;最后要构建中国特色测评体系,系统提升本土化测评的层次和水平,从测量“会做事”向测量“去做事”的目标迈进。In Germany,technology-based vocational competence assessment programs like ASCOT and COMET have achieved high reliability and validity,and the are considered to embody the ideal that to pass an exam is to be able to perform.These programs have enhanced the precision of assessments,yet they have certain limitations and deviations in accuracy.Vocational competence assessment should return to the essence of human subjectivity,encompassing both the instrumental and intrinsic values of individuals.Thus,besides focusing on the role of skill factors in determining whether an individual can perform a task,it is also crucial to consider the impact of non-skill factors on their willingness to perform a task.The integrated model of skill and non-skill factors should align more closely with the future trends in vocational competence assessments,or,being able to perform and non-skill factors lead to going to perform To better reform and innovate the vocational competence assessment,we should first deepen the research and application of technical empowerment evaluation,and upgrade the evaluation method iteratively.Second,we should strengthen the theoretical research and practical test of the evaluation index system and optimize the evaluation content.Third,we should construct Chinese characteristics of the evaluation system,and enhance the level of local evaluation systematically,moving from merely predicting being able to perform to actually going to perform.

关 键 词：职业能力测评 会做事 去做事 本土化评价体系 

分 类 号：G710[文化科学—职业技术教育学]