纳豆激酶研究进展  

Review on nattokinase research

作　　者：屈家亮 柳惠平[2] 张佑红 QU Jialiang;LIU Huiping;ZHANG Youhong(School of Environmental Ecology and Biological Engineering,Wuhan Institute of Technology,Wuhan 430205,China;School of Optical Information and Energy Engineering,School of Mathematics and Physics,Wuhan Institute of Technology,Wuhan 430205,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉工程大学环境生态与生物工程学院,湖北武汉430205 [2]武汉工程大学光信息与能源学院和数理学院,湖北武汉430205

出　　处：《武汉工程大学学报》2024年第5期527-533,共7页Journal of Wuhan Institute of Technology

基　　金：武汉工程大学第十四届研究生教育创新基金(CX2022555)。

摘　　要：纳豆激酶(NK)主要是由枯草芽孢杆菌代谢产生的一种碱性丝氨酸蛋白酶,具有很好的溶栓效应,有望成为新一代溶栓药物。首先从NK的基因组成及信号肽、前导肽和成熟肽的结构和功能等方面阐述了对NK的分子生物学研究。其次从酶的温度、pH、离子影响和最适底物类型等酶学性质对NK的特性进行了总结。再者对NK的三级结构及催化位点进行了分析,以位于活性中心的催化三联体(Asp32,His64,Ser221)为例探讨了NK与底物结合及催化的机制。再根据已有的文献报道,从NK的菌种改造、分离纯化及NK不同方式制备的剂型等方面介绍了国内外目前的研究现状。最后,在菌种改造和分离纯化等研究方向上对NK的未来研究进行了分析和展望,如可以使用基因编辑技术对菌种的代谢通路进行改造,达到提高产量的目的;采用分子印迹技术纯化NK。Nattokinase is a type of alkaline serine protease primarily produced by the metabolism of Bacillus subtilis.It exhibits excellent thrombolytic effects and holds promise as a new generation of thrombolytic drugs.We start by explaining the molecular biology of nattokinase,including its gene composition,signal peptide,leader peptide,and the structure and function of the mature peptide.Then,we summarize the enzymatic properties of nattokinase,such as temperature,pH,ionic effects,and the best substrate type.Moreover,we analyze the tertiary structure and catalytic sites of nattokinase,and take the catalytic triad(Asp32,His64,Ser221)in the active center as an example to study the mechanism of nattokinase-substrate binding and catalysis.In addition,based on the existing literature,we give an overview of the current global research situation of nattokinase,including strain modification,isolation,purification,and formulation of various preparations.Finally,in the context of strain modification,isolation and purification,we make an analysis and prediction of the future research direction of nattokinase.For example,using gene editing techniques to engineer the metabolic pathways of the strain may increase the yield;using molecular imprinting technology for purification of nattokinase has great potential.

关 键 词：纳豆激酶 溶栓 理化特性 进展 

分 类 号：TS201[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]