中国蜘蛛多样性分布格局及其影响因素  

Distribution Patterns and Influencing Factors of Spider Diversity in China

作　　者：赵义 王美娜 金志成 杨金怡 伍盘龙 ZHAO Yi;WANG Meina;JIN Zhicheng;YANGJinyi;WU Panlong(Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Ecology and Resource Use of the Mongolian Plateau&Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Grassl and Ecology,School of Ecology and Environment,Inner Mongolia University,Hohhot 010021,China;Collaborative Innovation Center for Grassl and Ecological Security Jointly Supported by the Ministry of Education of China and Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,Hohhot 010021,China;School of Engineering Management and Real Estate/School of Agriculture and Rural Development,Henan University of Economics and Law,Zhengzhou 450000,China)

机构地区：[1]蒙古高原生态学与资源利用教育部重点实验室,内蒙古大学生态与环境学院,呼和浩特010021 [2]草原生态安全省部共建协同创新中心,呼和浩特010021 [3]河南财经政法大学工程管理与房地产学院/农业农村发展学院,郑州450000

出　　处：《内蒙古大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第4期411-419,共9页Journal of Inner Mongolia University：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42101102);内蒙古自然科学博士基金项目(2021BS03031);内蒙古重大专项(2021ZD0011);蒙古高原生态学与资源利用教育部重点实验室开放课题(KF2023016)。

摘　　要：蜘蛛是农林生态系统重要的天敌类群,能够抑制害虫暴发。本文整理并形成了目前中国较完整的省级蜘蛛物种名录,分析了蜘蛛物种多样性分布格局及其驱动因素。结果如下:目前中国蜘蛛共计69科839属5417种,其物种多样性自西南向东北递减,云南蜘蛛物种和科数量均最多,拥有1539种(占比28.41%)和59科(占比85.51%);蜘蛛物种多样性均与海拔范围、年均温和林地面积正相关;蜘蛛科多样性均与海拔范围和年均温正相关;新疆、云南和西藏的蜘蛛物种组成与其他省份差异显著,且物种数量较多,应为我国蜘蛛资源的重点保护区域。Spiders are an important natural enemy group in agricultural and forestry ecosystems, capable of suppressing pest outbreaks.In this study, we collected data on spider species diversity across each province in China, and analyzed its distribution pattern and driving factors.The results showed that:(1) 5417 spider species belonging to 839 genera of 69 families have been recorded in China;(2) spider species diversity decreased from southwest to northeast China, with Yunnan Province had the highest number of species and families, 1539 species(28.41%) and 59 families(85.51%);(3) spider species and family diversity positively correlated with elevation, annual average temperature, spider species diversity also positively correlated with forest area;(4) the species composition of spiders in Xinjiang, Yunnan and Xizang significantly differed from other regions.Therefore, the spider species in Xinjiang, Yunnan and Xizang should prioritized for conservation in China.

关 键 词：蜘蛛目 分布特征 气候 土地利用类型 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学] X176[环境科学与工程—环境科学]