系统脱敏疗法干预孤独症儿童触觉防御行为的个案研究  

A Case Study on the Use of Systematic Desensitization Therapy to Intervene in Tactile Defense Behavior of Children with Autism

作　　者：王中杰 WANG Zhongjie(School of Education and Psychology,University of Jinan,Jinan Shandong 250024,China)

机构地区：[1]济南大学教育与心理科学学院,山东济南250024

出　　处：《乐山师范学院学报》2024年第9期134-140,共7页Journal of Leshan Normal University

摘　　要：感知觉异常是孤独症儿童特点之一,对孤独症儿童的日常生活和社会交往存在广泛的影响。触觉敏感是感知觉异常的一种,主要表现为对外部触碰、接触等过度敏感,使儿童感到疼痛、灼热或麻木等。为探索减少孤独症儿童由于触觉敏感而产生触觉防御行为的方法,本案例尝试运用系统脱敏法对一名15岁中度孤独症儿童进行干预训练,以降低该儿童触觉防御行为出现的频率。经过系统脱敏干预训练后,该孤独症儿童对触碰、接触等行为产生触觉防御行为的次数显著减少。此外,对家长进行访谈得知,该儿童的日常生活、社会交往能力得到改善。Sensory abnormalities,one of the characteristics of children with autism,have a wide impact on their daily life and social interactions.Tactile sensitivity is one type of sensory abnormality,which mainly manifests as excessive sensitivity to external touch,contact,etc.,causing the child to feel pain,burning,or numbness.This study,in order to explore ways to reduce the touch defensive behaviors of children with autism due to tactile sensitivity,attempts to use systematic desensitization to provide intervention training for a 15-year-old child with moderate autism.The frequency of the child's touch defensive behaviors is significantly reduced after the systematic desensitization intervention training.In addition,the parents have been interviewed and it is found that the child's daily life and social interaction skills have been improved.

关 键 词：孤独症 触觉敏感 触觉防御 系统脱敏 

分 类 号：R749.94[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]