液压柱塞马达的约束阻尼层降噪研究  

Research on Constrained Damping Layer for Noise Reduction in Hydraulic Piston Motors

作　　者：张圳 黄惠[1,2] 杜恒[1,2] 李雨铮[1,2] 苏俊收 ZHANG Zhen;HUANG Hui;DU Heng;LI Yuzheng;SU Junshou(School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation,Fuzhou University,Fuzhou,Fujian 350108;Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Intelligent Electro-hydraulic Control,Fuzhou University,Fuzhou,Fujian 350108;State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing of Advanced Construction Machinery,Xuzhou,Jiangsu 221004)

机构地区：[1]福州大学机械工程及自动化学院,福建福州350108 [2]福州大学流体动力与电液智能控制福建省高校重点实验室,福建福州350108 [3]高端工程机械智能制造全国重点实验室,江苏徐州221004

出　　处：《液压与气动》2024年第10期158-169,共12页Chinese Hydraulics & Pneumatics

摘　　要：液压柱塞马达在工作状态下振动噪声剧烈,针对削弱内部声振源和外部壳体结构优化的传统减振降噪方案设计难度大、优化成本高的问题,提出了在液压柱塞马达壳体敷设约束阻尼层的减振降噪方法。进行液压柱塞马达的动力学模型和液压模型耦合仿真,得到液压柱塞马达内部对壳体的振动激励。以振动激励作为载荷,结合强迫响应分析和基于模态声传递向量法的声压仿真,得到马达壳体的模态参与因子和声学板块贡献量,从而精确阻尼层敷设区域。通过对约束阻尼层进行有限元建模分析,研究阻尼层材料参数对振动抑制的影响,选择合适的阻尼层材料。在半消声室内对敷设约束阻尼层前后的液压柱塞马达进行多工况下平均声压级测试。结果表明:在峰值噪声频率下,约束阻尼层能将液压柱塞马达的噪声至少降低2 dB。In order to address the severe vibration and noise issues in hydraulic piston motors,as well as the design difficulties and high optimization costs associated with traditional methods of vibration and noise reduction focusing on internal acoustic sources and external shell structure optimization,a vibration reduction and noise reduction method is proposed by applying a constrained damping layer to the shell of hydraulic piston motors.Dynamic models of the inclined-axis piston motor and hydraulic system are established and coupled for simulation to obtain the vibration excitation of the motor on the shell.By applying vibration excitation as the load and utilizing forced response analysis along with acoustic pressure simulation based on the modal acoustic transfer vector method,the modal participation factors and acoustic panel contributions of the motor housing are determined,allowing for precise damping layer placement.Finite element modeling analysis is conducted on the constrained damping layer to investigate the effects of damping material parameters on vibration suppression,enabling the selection of appropriate damping layer materials.Average sound pressure level tests a performed under multiple operating conditions in a semi-anechoic chamber.The results indicate that at peak noise frequencies,the constrained damping layer can reduce the noise of hydraulic piston motors by at least 2 dB.

关 键 词：液压柱塞马达 约束阻尼层 减振降噪 声学板块贡献量 模态参与因子 

分 类 号：TH137[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]