顶煤运移轨迹监测实验平台研制与教学实践  

Development and teaching practice of top-coal migration trajectory monitoring experimental platform

作　　者：潘卫东[1,2] 赵志宁 李咸锦 张立辉 李新源 PAN Weidong;ZHAO Zhining;LI Xianjin;ZHANG Lihui;LI Xinyuan(School of Energy and Mining,China University of Mining and Technology(Beijing),Beijing 100083,China;Engineering Research Center for Green and Intelligent Mining of Thick Coal Seam,Ministry of Education,China University of Mining and Technology(Beijing),Beijing 100083,China;Consulting Centre of China National Coal Association,Beijing 100013,China)

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学(北京)能源与矿业学院,北京100083 [2]中国矿业大学(北京)厚煤层绿色智能开采教育部工程研究中心,北京100083 [3]中国煤炭工业协会咨询中心,北京100013

出　　处：《实验技术与管理》2024年第10期157-162,共6页Experimental Technology and Management

基　　金：中央高校基本业务费(2023YQTD02);中国矿业大学(北京)实践教学改革与创新项目(J221109);中国矿业大学(北京)专业思政优秀团队建设项目(ZYSZ2401)。

摘　　要：为丰富“采矿学”课程实践教学内容,促进本科生对综合机械化放顶煤开采技术的了解,该文研制了顶煤运移轨迹监测实验平台。实验平台包括模型框架、综放支架、辅助铰轮、磁场发射装置、轨迹识别装置和数据采集系统,平台基于电磁波技术精准定位顶煤位置和精准识别顶煤运移轨迹,可用于研究煤层地质赋存条件、开采技术条件等对顶煤运移规律的影响。实验设计了“模型搭建、标志点安装、模拟放煤、数据采集、轨迹反演”等环节,培养了学生团队合作和创新思考能力。[Objective]Fully mechanized top-coal caving(FMTC)technology is the primary method for mining thick coal seams.A crucial research area in FMTC is understanding the migration pattern of top coal,with migration trajectory being foundational.Traditional methods for monitoring top-coal migration trajectories and placing measurement points have certain drawbacks.The equivalence of particle migration trajectories obtained through experiments to actual trajectories within the model remains debatable.[Methods]This paper analyzed different experimental materials and tracking methods,ultimately selecting acrylic considering its similar density to coal and high plasticity,serving as the“coal block”for the experimental platform.Acrylic’s high strength makes it suitable for the structural framework of the experimental platform,which must withstand horizontal pressure generated by the coal while minimizing interference with the coal tracking process.Electromagnetic tracking technology was chosen because it can position and track objects even with obstructions.An experimental platform for monitoring the migration trajectory of top coal in the FMTC has been developed,comprising a model frame,FMTC support,auxiliary hinge wheel,magnetic field emitting device,trajectory recognition device,and data acquisition system.This platform can project electromagnetic waves,allowing precise positioning and accurate identification of top coal influenced by geological conditions and mining techniques.Physical simulation experiments of top coal particle migration at different positions were conducted using this platform.A multistage experimental mode was designed,including“model construction,marker point installation,simulated coal caving,data collection,and trajectory inversion,”which deduced the top-coal caving body.[Results]By analyzing the monitoring coordinate sequences collected by the system,the following observations were noted:①top coal particles generally move linearly from their original position to the coal caving opening.

关 键 词：综放开采 顶煤运移轨迹 电磁定位 顶煤放出体 实践教学 

分 类 号：G642.0[文化科学—高等教育学] TD823[文化科学—教育学]