乌红杂交鲜天麻质量评价研究  

Study on Quality Evaluation of Hybrid Fresh Gastrodia elata

作　　者：段桂媛 张曼 唐鑫静 颜宇鸽 姚红 阚建全[1,2] 刘雄 杜木英[1,2] DUAN Guiyuan;ZHANG Man;TANG Xinjing;YAN Yuge;YAO Hong;KAN Jianquan;LIU Xiong;DU Muying(College of Food Sciences,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China;Chinese-Hungarian Cooperative Research Centre for Food Science/Chongqing Key Laboratory of Speciality Food Co-Built by Sichuan and Chongqing,Chongqing 400715,China;Sichuan National Inspection and Testing Co.Ltd.,Luzhou 646000,China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学食品科学学院,重庆400715 [2]中匈食品科学合作研究中心/川渝共建特色食品重庆市重点实验室,重庆400715 [3]四川国检检测有限责任公司,四川泸州646000

出　　处：《食品科学技术学报》2024年第5期157-167,共11页Journal of Food Science and Technology

基　　金：重庆市科技兴林基金资助项目(2021-5)。

摘　　要：为综合评价重庆乌红杂交鲜天麻质量,以5批重庆不同地区乌红杂交鲜天麻(G1~G5)为研究对象,比较了乌红杂交鲜天麻在营养成分、活性成分、重金属含量及挥发性物质等方面的差异,并结合主成分分析、正交偏最小二乘判别分析和聚类分析对乌红杂交鲜天麻进行了模式识别研究。结果表明,5批重庆天麻的HPLC指纹图谱相似度为0.967~0.997,说明不同批次天麻之间差异较小;G2天麻中天麻素和对羟基苯甲醇总质量比最高,为(5.92±0.67)mg/g;从所有样品中共检出16种氨基酸,其中9.77%~18.66%的氨基酸为人体必需氨基酸,药用氨基酸质量比较高,为(5703.77±240.89)~(7889.03±145.37)mg/kg,占总氨基酸含量的63.05%~76.79%。除G5天麻外,其余天麻的重金属含量均符合有关行业标准规定。5批天麻共检出67种挥发性化合物,通过香气活力值(odor activity value,OAV)分析,确定了20种OAV大于0.1的化合物,其中5批天麻都含有(E)-2-壬烯醛且OAV较大。研究旨在为重庆乌红杂交鲜天麻整体质量评价提供依据,同时为天麻资源的进一步开发和利用提供理论支持。To conduct a comprehensive quality evaluation of Chongqing hybrid fresh Gastrodia elata,5 batches of fresh Gastrodia elata(G1-G5)from different origins in Chongqing were collected as the research objects.The differences in nutritional components,active ingredients,heavy metal content,and volatile substances of hybrid fresh Gastrodia elata were compared and analyzed,and pattern recognition research was conducted by combining principal component analysis,orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis,and cluster analysis.As a result,the HPLC fingerprints of 5 batches of Chongqing Gastrodia elata were established,with similarities ranging from 0.967 to 0.997,indicating that the differences between different batches of Gastrodia elata were relatively small.The total content of gastrodin and p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol in G2 Gastrodia elata was the highest,at(5.92±0.67)mg/g.A total of 16 amino acids were detected from all samples,of which 9.77%-18.66%were essential amino acids.The content of medicinal amino acids was relatively higher in the range of(5703.77±240.89)-(7889.03±145.37)mg/kg,accounting for 63.05%-76.79%of the total amino acid content.Except for G5 Gastrodia elata,the heavy metal content of the other batches of Gastrodia elata complied with relevant industry standards.A total of 67 volatile compounds were detected in 5 batches of Gastrodia elata.Through odor activity value(OAV)analysis,20 compounds with OAV greater than 0.1 were identified,of which 5 batches of Gastrodia elata all contained(E)-2-nonenal and had high OAV.This study aimed to provide a reference for the overall quality evaluation of Chongqing hybrid fresh Gastrodia elata,and to provide theoretical support for the further development and utilization of Gastrodia elata resources.

关 键 词：鲜天麻 药食同源 质量评价 挥发性成分 活性成分 

分 类 号：TS201[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]