家庭功能、亲职效能感对学前儿童父母亲职压力的影响——有调节的中介效应分析  

The Influence of Family Functioning,Parental Self-Efficacy on Parenting Stress of Preschoolers'Parents:Moderated Mediation Effect

作　　者：贾云[1] JIA Yun

机构地区：[1]江苏第二师范学院,南京211200

出　　处：《中华家教》2024年第5期50-63,共14页The Family Education Of China

基　　金：江苏省教育科学规划重点项目“幼儿园教师关怀能力的发展机制与培养路径研究”(B/2023/01/183)阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：本研究基于系统视角,探析家庭功能、亲职效能感、子女数量、父母受教育水平对学前儿童父母亲职压力的联合影响及作用机制,采用家庭功能量表、亲职压力量表和亲职效能感量表对3 135位学前儿童父母进行了问卷调查。相关分析发现,家庭功能的失调程度与亲职压力呈显著正相关,与亲职效能感呈显著负相关,亲职效能感与亲职压力中的困难儿童呈显著负相关。有调节的中介结构方程模型分析发现,家庭功能的失调程度显著正向预测亲职压力、负向预测亲职效能感,亲职效能感在家庭功能与亲职压力之间起显著的中介效应,父母受教育水平显著调节家庭功能通过亲职效能感影响亲职压力的后半路径。基于以上研究结果,本研究建议采用积极的家庭建设政策、成长型的教养心态、有效的家庭教育指导帮助学前儿童父母缓解亲职压力。In this study a moderated mediation model was constructed to examine the integrated effect and underlying mechanisms of family functioning,parental self-efficacy,education level and the number of children on parenting stress of preschoolers’parents.A questionnaire survey was administered to 3,135 parents of preschool children,utilizing the Family Functioning Scale,Parental Stress Scale,and Parental Efficacy Scale.The analysis results indicate a significant positive correlation between the degree of family dysfunction and parenting stress,as well as a significant negative correlation between family dysfunction and parental efficacy.Parental selfefficacy is also significantly negatively correlated with difficult children in parenting stress.The moderated mediation structural equation model analysis reveals that the degree of family dysfunction significantly predicts both parenting stress and parental self-efficacy.Parental selfefficacy plays a significant mediating role between family functioning and parenting stress.Additionally,parental education level moderates the effect of family functioning on parental stress through parental self-efficacy.Based on these findings,we recommend implementing positive family building policies,fostering a growth-oriented parenting mindset,and providing effective family education guidance to help parents of preschool children alleviate parental stress.

关 键 词：家庭系统 家庭功能 亲职效能感 亲职压力 家庭教育指导 

分 类 号：G61[文化科学—学前教育学]