基于随机森林算法的动车组传动齿轮修形研究  

Research on Transmission Gear Modification of EMUs Based on Random Forests Algorithm

作　　者：于宏达 黄志辉[1] 刘加蕙 田明洁 YU Hongda;HUANG Zhihui;LIU Jiahui;TIAN Mingjie(State Key Laboratory of Rail Vehicle System,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,China)

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学轨道交通运载系统全国重点实验室,四川成都610031

出　　处：《铁道车辆》2024年第5期30-38,共9页Rolling Stock

基　　金：四川省自然科学基金(2022NSFSC0035)。

摘　　要：动车组齿轮传动过程中存在齿轮啮合冲击,加剧了齿轮箱的振动,影响齿轮箱服役安全。为此,文章在SIMPACK中建立了含有齿轮传动系统的某动车刚柔耦合动力学模型,搭建了SIMPACK-ISIGHT仿真平台,计算了传动齿轮最佳修形参数,研究了其对齿轮箱振动的优化效果。以齿轮箱在动车速度为200 km/h、250 km/h、300 km/h和350 km/h时的振动加速度均方根值为响应进行了试验设计,试验结果表明,齿轮修形参数的变化对齿轮箱垂向振动加速度影响较大,而对横向振动加速度影响较小。基于随机森林算法建立代理模型,采用NSGA-Ⅱ算法调用代理模型进行了齿轮修形参数的寻优计算,将齿轮箱垂向振动加速度均方根值减小量作为优化率,以各速度下优化率的加权平均值为优化目标。优化结果表明:齿轮修形对各速度时的齿轮箱垂向振动加速度均方根值均有所优化,随着速度增加齿轮修形对齿轮箱垂向振动的优化效果逐渐变差。最后,以平均分配权重所得的齿轮修形参数为例,对比齿轮修形前后齿轮箱垂向振动加速度的变化。计算结果表明:在时域上,齿轮修形后各速度时的齿轮箱垂向振动加速度的幅值有所减小;在频域上,齿轮箱各速度时的垂向振动加速度在齿轮啮合频率处的幅值大幅减小,平均减小量为65.01%。There exists a gear meshing impact during the gear transmission of EMU,which exacerbates the vibration of the gearbox and impacts its service safety.As a result,the rigid-flexible dynamic model of a motor vehicle with gear transmission system is established in SIMPACK,and the SIMPACK-ISIGHT simulation platform is constructed to calculate the optimal modification parameters of transmission gears,and its optimization effect on gearbox vibration is investigated.The experimental design is based on the root mean square values of vibration acceleration of gearbox at speeds of 200 km/h,250 km/h,300 km/h and 350 km/h.The test results show that altering the gear modification parameters significantly affects the vertical vibration acceleration of the gearbox,but not the lateral vibration acceleration.The surrogate model is established using the random forests algorithm,and the NSGA-II algorithm is used to call the surrogate model to optimize gear modification parameters.The reduction in the root mean square value of the vertical vibration acceleration of the gearbox is taken as the optimization rate,and the weighted average of the optimization rate at each speed is taken as the goal.The optimization results indicate that gear modification can optimize the root mean square value of vertical vibration acceleration of the gearbox at each speed,and that the optimization effect of gear modification on vertical vibration of the gearbox gradually becomes worse with increasing speed.Finally,using the gear modification parameters obtained by average distribution weights as an example,the changes of vertical vibration acceleration of the gearbox before and after gear modification are compared.The computation results indicate that in the time domain,the magnitude of vertical vibration acceleration of the gearbox decreases at each speed subsequent to gear modification.In the frequency domain,the magnitude of the vertical vibration acceleration of the gearbox at each speed at the gear meshing frequency significantly decreases,with an a

关 键 词：高速动车组 随机森林算法 齿轮修形 齿轮箱 振动优化 

分 类 号：U266[机械工程—车辆工程] TH132[交通运输工程—载运工具运用工程]