基于服务型领导理论的培训方案对护士职业倦怠的效果研究  

Research on the effect of training program based on service-oriented leadership theory on nurses'job burnout

作　　者：杜艳霞[1] 李凯伟 Du Yanxia;Li Kaiwei(Outpatient Department of Tianjin Hospital,Tianjin Hospital International Diagnosis and Treatment Center,Tianjin 300211,China)

机构地区：[1]天津医院门诊,天津医院国际诊疗中心,天津300211

出　　处：《中华劳动卫生职业病杂志》2024年第9期684-688,共5页Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases

摘　　要：目的探讨基于服务型领导理论的培训方案对于缓解临床护士职业倦怠程度的效果,为改善护士职业倦怠情况提供参考依据。方法于2023年1至12月,采用随机数字表法抽取某三级甲等综合医院的10名护士长进行培训,并从每名护士长所在科室采用随机数字表法抽取护士5人,共50名护士为研究对象。利用基于服务型领导理论的培训方案对所选护士长进行服务型领导理论、职业倦怠及职业倦怠缓解方法等内容培训并考核合格,培训期2个月。收集50名护士的一般资料,并分别于护士长培训前和培训后6个月采用《职业倦怠量表》对护士的职业倦怠情况进行调查,采用配对t检验比较各维度得分的变化情况。结果护士年龄(30.4±5.5)岁,工作年限(8.1±6.1)年。培训前护士职业倦怠总检出率为100%(50/50),中重度情绪衰竭检出率60%(30/50),培训后为36%(18/50);中重度去人格化检出率为72%(36/50),培训后为40%(20/50);中重度无工作成就感检出率为86%(43/50),培训后为54%(27/50)。护士长培训6个月后各科护士的情绪衰竭、去人格化维度得分明显低于培训前,而个人成就感维度得分明显高于培训前,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论基于服务型领导理论的培训方案使管理者在接受培训后能够科学地预防和缓解护士的倦怠感,有助于改善护士职业倦怠的现状,降低护士的职业倦怠程度,对促进护士身心健康起到积极作用。Objective To explore the effect of training program based on service-oriented leadership theory on alleviating the degree of job burnout of clinical nurses,and provide reference for improving the situation of job burnout of nurses.Methods From January to December 2023,10 head nurses of a Grade A general hospital were selected by random number table method for training,and 5 nurses were selected from the department of each head nurse by random number table method,a total of 50 nurses were selected as research objects.Through the training program based on the service-oriented leadership theory,the selected head nurses were trained on the service-oriented leadership theory,job burnout and burnout mitigation methods and passed the examination.The training period was 2 months.The general data of 50 nurses were collected,and the job burnout of nurses was investigated by using the Maslach Burnout Inventory before and 6 months after the training of head nurses,and the changes of scores of each dimension were compared by paired t-test.Results The nurses were(30.4±5.5)years old and their working life was(8.1±6.1)years.The total detection rate of job burnout before training was 100%(50/50),the detection rate of moderate to severe emotional exhaustion was 60%(30/50),and the detection rate after training was 36%(18/50).The detection rate of moderate to severe depersonalization was 72%(36/50)and 40%(20/50)after training.The detection rate of moderate to severe lack of job accomplishment was 86%(43/50)and 54%(27/50)after training.After 6 months of head nurses training,the scores of emotional exhaustion and depersonalization of nurses were significantly lower than those before training,while the scores of personal achievement were significantly higher than those before training,with statistical significances(P<0.05).Conclusion The training program based on service-oriented leadership theory can scientifically prevent and alleviate nurses'job burnout after receiving training of administrators,which is helpful to improve the cur

关 键 词：护士 服务型领导理论 职业倦怠 倦怠 

分 类 号：R47-4[医药卫生—护理学] C975[医药卫生—临床医学]