自我立法与康德式悖论——基于共同体视角的讨论  

Self-legislation and Kantian Paradox——A Discussion from the Perspective of Community

作　　者：黄各 HUANG Ge(Department of Philosophy,Party School of the Central Committee of CPC,Beijing 100091,China)

机构地区：[1]中共中央党校哲学教研部,北京100091

出　　处：《江苏行政学院学报》2024年第5期19-25,共7页The Journal of Jiangsu Administration Institute

基　　金：国家社科基金青年项目“康德共同体思想研究”(24CZX074)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：康德的自我立法理念以其独特的论证形式为行动者确立普遍的道德法则提供了依据。但是近年来,这一理念却在学界引起了不小争议。以平卡德为代表的学者认为,康德式的立法者在没有法则约束之前很难制定出自己服从自己的道德法则。他们也将此称为“康德式悖论”。面对此悖论,英美学界流行的建构主义和实在论的阐释虽然能够从一定角度进行回应,但由于各自关注点的局限,在未能彻底解决此悖论的同时还引发了新的悖论。其实,在康德本人的表述中,自我立法始终是以共同体中各成员间的交互作用为基础的,不管是他提出的目的王国还是道德世界理念,其实质都是在于强调行动者的自律,不仅是支配自己,而且是要成为一个可能的共同体的普遍性法则的来源。Since its establishment,the concept of self-legislation in Kant's philosophical system has been providing a unique way of argumentation for how an agent establishes universal moral laws.However,this concept has caused wide-spread controversy in the academic community in recent years.Scholars represented by Pinkard believe that Kantian legisla-tors have difficulty in establishing their own moral laws that obey themselves without the constraints of laws.They also refer to this as the"Kantian Paradox".Although the popular constructivism and realism in the Anglo-American academic com-munity have made some responses to this paradox,due to the limitations of their focus,they have failed to completely solve this paradox,but instead have triggered new paradoxes.In Kant's view,self-legislation is always based on the interaction between members of the community.Whether it is his proposed idea of the kingdom of ends or the moral world,its core lies in emphasizing that the autonomy of the agent is not only to dominate themselves,but to become a source of universal laws for a possible community.

关 键 词：自我立法 康德式悖论 共同体 目的王国 

分 类 号：B516.31[哲学宗教—外国哲学]