“双减”之后:家庭的应对策略与意外后果  

After the“Double Reduction”Policy:Families’Coping Strategies and Unintended Consequences

作　　者：王杰 来昕 WANG Jie;LAI Xin

机构地区：[1]福州大学人文社会科学学院 [2]福建水利电力职业技术学院经济管理学院

出　　处：《当代青年研究》2024年第5期16-25,共10页Contemporary Youth Research

基　　金：2021年福州大学教育学改革项目。

摘　　要：“双减”政策已实施至今,是否达到了预期效果?对F市25位家长以及学校老师、学生及培训机构从业者的深度访谈后发现,“双减”政策成效有限。部分家庭并没有完全顺应“双减”政策,校外培训机构受到了冲击,但补习仍在继续。学校“减负”,但家长主动“增压”,一些家庭与学校、校外培训机构形成了应对“双减”政策的同盟。此外,“双减”政策还产生了意外后果。一方面是教育竞争扩大,学习从学生个人的竞争进一步扩大到家庭资源的竞争;另一方面是教育分化加剧,不同类型家庭的教育资源和策略不同,家庭分化为“资源型”“焦虑型”“躺平型”“放松型”四类。“双减”政策未能破除教育内卷的根本原因在于,教育是社会分层重要标准的底层逻辑并未改变。It has been two years since the implementation of the“Double Reduction”policy,but has it had the desired effect?From the perspective of families,we conducted in-depth interviews with 25 parents,school teachers,students,and practitioners of training institutions in F city.The survey found that some families have not fully adapted to the“Double Reduction”policy.While schools have“reduced their burden”,parents have“increased their burden”.Additionally,although out-of-school training institutions have been affected,tutoring continues.Some families have formed alliances with schools and off-site training organizations in response to the“Double Reduction”policy.As a result,the“Double Reduction”policy has had limited success and unintended consequences.On the one hand,competition in education has expanded,shifting from competition among individual students to competition for family resources.On the other hand,the polarization of education has intensified.Depending on family resources and family strategies,families can be classified as“resourceful family”,“anxious family”,“relaxed family”,and“lying flat family”.The education of different types of families has become polarized.The fundamental reason for the failure of the“Double Reduction”policy to break the involution of education is that education is an important criterion for social stratification,and this underlying logic has not changed.

关 键 词：“双减”政策 内卷化 家庭 教育竞争 

分 类 号：G510[文化科学—教育学]