跆拳道后横踢动作运动员膝关节肌肉用力特征  

Muscle Force Characteristics of Knee Joints in Taekwondo Roundhouse Kick

作　　者：贾孟尧 马勇[1,2,3] 熊俊[4] 刘林[1,2,3] 彭骞 蔺世杰 郑伟涛[1,2,3] JIA Mengyao;MA Yong;XIONG Jun;LIU Lin;PENG Qian;LIN Shijie;ZHENG Weitao(Engineering Research Center of Sports Health Intelligent Equipment of Hubei Province,Wuhan Sports University,Wuhan 430079,China;Key Laboratory of Sports Engineering of General Administration of Sports of China,Wuhan Sports University,Wuhan 430079,China;Research Center of Sports Equipment Engineering Technology of Hubei Province,Wuhan Sports University,Wuhan 430079,China;School of Competitive Sports,Wuhan Sports University,Wuhan 430079,China;Department of Physical Education,Intelligent Sports Engineering Research Center,Northwest Polytechnical University,Xi’an 710072,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉体育学院运动健康智能装备湖北省工程研究中心,武汉430079 [2]武汉体育学院国家体育总局体育工程重点实验室,武汉430079 [3]武汉体育学院湖北省运动装备工程技术研究中心,武汉430079 [4]武汉体育学院竞技体育学院,武汉430079 [5]西北工业大学体育部,智能体育工程研究中心,西安710072

出　　处：《医用生物力学》2024年第5期969-977,共9页Journal of Medical Biomechanics

基　　金：武汉体育学院东湖学者计划;武汉体育学院校级科研团队(21KT02);武汉体育学院“十四五”湖北省优势特色学科(群)[鄂教研(2021)5号];湖北省教育厅科学研究计划重点项目(D20194101);陕西省自然科学基础研究计划(2022JQ-051)。

摘　　要：目的探索跆拳道后横踢动作膝关节的肌肉发力特征。方法通过DaeDo电子打分系统并配合Vicon光学动作捕捉系统、Kistler三维测力台,采集12名高水平竞技跆拳道运动员后横踢动作运动学和动力学数据,通过OpenSim软件进行模拟,计算膝关节的肌肉力、关节力矩、关节刚度及肌肉协同工作模式。结果进攻腿在提膝和击打时刻膝关节冠状轴力矩较大,矢状轴力矩在击打时刻达到峰值;支撑腿在提膝时刻膝关节冠状轴力矩最高,矢状轴力矩在击打时刻达峰值。进攻腿半膜肌和股二头肌长头在击打时段力量较大,支撑腿半膜肌和腓肠肌内侧头则在回收时段力更大。跆拳道后横踢动作中存在5种肌肉协同模式。结论后横踢动作运动员执行后横踢动作时,进攻腿、支撑腿的膝关节肌群肌肉力、关节力矩等存在较大差异,肌肉之间存在复杂的协同关系。Objective To explore the muscle force characteristics of the knee joint during a Taekwondo roundhouse kick in Korea.Methods Kinematic and dynamic data from twelve elite Taekwondo athletes were collected using the DaeDo electronic scoring system,Vicon optical motion capture system,Kistler threedimensional force plates.The OpenSim software was used to simulate these movements and calculate the muscle forces,joint torques,joint stiffness,and muscle coordination patterns of the knee.Results During the knee-lifting and striking phases,the coronal torque of the knee joint in the attacking leg was significant,and the sagittal torque peaked during the strike.For the supporting leg,the highest coronal torque of the knee joint occurred during knee lifting,with the sagittal torque reaching its peak during strike.In terms of muscle activity,the semimembranosus and long head of the biceps femoris in the attacking leg exerted greater force during thestriking phase,whereas the semimembranosus and medial head of the gastrocnemius in the supporting leg weremore active during the recovery phase.Five muscle synergy patterns were observed during the Taekwondoroundhouse kick.Conclusions Significant differences were found in the muscle forces and knee joint torques ofthe attacking and supporting legs when athletes performed the roundhouse kick,and there was a complex musclesynergy.

关 键 词：跆拳道 后横踢动作 关节力矩 关节刚度 肌肉协同 肌肉力 

分 类 号：R318.01[医药卫生—生物医学工程]